Tissue Injury and Repair

Question 1

What is healing?

Answer 1

Tissue response to wound, inflammatory process, cell necrosis

Question 2

What is regeneration?

Answer 2

growth of cells and tissues to replace lost structures

Question 3

What are the different types of cell regeneration?

Answer 3

Complete reconstitution (tissues with high proliferative capacity). 
Compensatory - hypertrophy, hyperplasia

Question 4

What is repair?

Answer 4

Combination of regeneration and scar formation

Question 5

What is the sequence of healing?

Answer 5

1. inflammation
2. angiogenesis/neovascularisation
3. migration and proliferation of parenchymal cells and fibroblasts
4. scar formation
5. connective tissue remodelling

Question 6

What is healing by first intention?

Answer 6

edges of wound near to each other e.g. surgical wound sutured together

Question 7

What is healing by secondary intention?

Answer 7

when the edges of the wound would not close to each other = more granulation tissue

Question 8

What is the fibre-prolifereative response of healing?

Answer 8

Deposition of collagen and ECM components (scar)

“Patches”tissue

Question 9

What local factors affect wound healing?

Answer 9

size, location, type (infectious/necrotic/traumatic), infections, mechanical forces, foreign bodies

Question 10

What systemic factors affect wound healing

Answer 10

nutritional status, metabolic status (e.g. diabetes), circulatory/vascular status, hormones (e.g. glucocorticoids)

Question 11

What is excessive repair?

Answer 11

Excessive granulation tissue (profound flesh), excessive collagen acculumation - hypertrophic scar, keloid