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Year 1 Medicine > Thyroid Tests and Treatment > Flashcards

Thyroid Tests and Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

decreased TSH

increased FT4 and/or FT3

A

Overt hyperthyroidism

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2
Q

decreased TSH

FT4 & FT3 in normal range

A

Subclinical hyperthyroidism

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3
Q

What additional blood test is carried out if thyroiditis is suspected?

A

check erythrocyte sedimentation rate
check C-reactive protein
(inflammatory markers)

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4
Q

TSH levels are low in…

A

Hyperthyroidism

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5
Q

TSH levels are high in…

A

Hypothyroidism

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6
Q

increased TSH

decreased FT4

A

Primary Hypothyroidism

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7
Q

increased TSH

FT4 in normal range

A

Subclinical Hypothyroidism

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8
Q

TSH levels inappropriately low (could be normal)

decreased FT4

A

Secondary Hypothyroidism

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9
Q

Additional blood tests to carry out if Primary Hypothyroidism is suspected…

A

full blood count and serum B12 level
assess for pernicious anaemia
glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
assess for associated diabetes mellitus

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10
Q

What else do you check if subclinical hypothyroidism is suspected, and why?

A

serum thyroid peroxidase antibodies

can predict progression to overt hypothyroidism

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11
Q

What are synthetic thyroid hormones used as treatment for? (4)

A

hypothyroidism
diffuse non-toxic goitre
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
thyroid carcinoma

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12
Q

What is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?

A

lymphadenoid goitre

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13
Q

Synthetic thyroid hormone examples

A 
Levothyroxine sodium (T4, thyroxine sodium)
Liothyronine sodium (synthetic T3)
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14
Q

What is used in first line treatment for hypothyroidism?

A

Levothyroxine sodium

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15
Q

What is used for treatment in severe emergency hypothyroid states?

A

Liothyronine sodium

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16
Q

Synthetic thyroid hormones may precipitate…

A

arrhythmias
angina pectoris
cardiac failure

17
Q

Causes of Hyperthyroidism

A

Thyrotoxicosis
Diffuse toxic goitre
Toxic nodular goitre

18
Q

Thyrotoxicosis may manifest itself as..

A

high metabolic rate
increase in skin temperature and sweating
nervousness, tremor
increased appetite, weight loss

19
Q

Treatments available for Hyperthyroidism

A

Radioactive Sodium Iodide
Carbimazole
Propylthiouracil
Iodine/Iodide

20
Q

Radioactive Sodium Iodide Mechanism of Action

A

Emits beta and gamma radiation
destruction of thyroid tissue
require subsequent T4 replacement therapy

21
Q

Which hyperthyroid drugs are Thioureylenes

A

Carbimazole

Propylthiouracil

22
Q

Carbimazole Mechanism of Action

A

decrease output of thyroid hormones

thought to inhibit iodination of thyroglobulin

23
Q

Propylthiouracil Mechanism of Action

A

decrease output of thyroid hormones

blocks T4 to T3 conversion in peripheral tissues

24
Q

Treatment for Thyrotoxic Crisis

A 
IV fluids
propanolol hydrochloride
hydrocortisone
oral iodine solution
carbimazole / propylthiouracil

Year 1 Medicine (25 decks)

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