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Year 1 Medicine > Inflammatory and Allergic Response > Flashcards

Inflammatory and Allergic Response Flashcards

1
Q

What is Type I Hypersensitivity?

A

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity

degranulation of mast cells and eosinophils

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2
Q

Cells and Mediators in Acute and Chronic Inflammation (8)

A 
histamine
leukotrienes
prostaglandins
TNF-a
IL-1
bradykinin
nitric oxide
tryptase
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3
Q

Type IV Hypersensitivity

A

cell-mediated
TH1cells release cytokines, direct cellular damage
activate macrophages

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4
Q

Blood biomarkers of inflammation

A

c-reactive protein

fibrinogen

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5
Q

Arachidonic acid –> ?

Clinical importance?

A

cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin

NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase

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6
Q

Phospholipids –> ?

Clinical importance?

A

phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid

Glucocorticoids inhibit phospholipase A2

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7
Q

What leads to a fever?

A

prostaglandin E2 production

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8
Q

3 Major Components of Acute Inflammation

A

vasodilation of small vessels
increased vascular permeability of the microvasculature
emigration of leukocytes

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9
Q

Type III Hypersensitivity

A

immune-complex mediated
deposited in tissue
massive neutrophil infiltration

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10
Q

Type II Hypersensitivity

A

IgG-Mediated Cytotoxic
interaction of IgG with antigen on cell surface
Ig reacts with macrophages/complement

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11
Q

Outcome of H2 receptor activity

A

gastric secretion stimulation

cardiac stimulation

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12
Q

Outcome of H1 receptor activity

A

contraction of most smooth muscle
vasodilation
increased vascular permeability

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13
Q

Which cells release histamine

A

Mast cells

basophils

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14
Q

What kind of reaction is Anaphylaxis

A

type I, IgE mediated hypersensitivity

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15
Q

Examples of Type III Hypersensitivity

A 
localized Arthus reaction
necrotizing vasculitis
glomerulnephritis
rheumatoid arthritis 
systemic lupus erythematosus
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16
Q

Examples of Type II Hypersensitivity

A

blood transfusion reactions
erythroblastosis fetalis
autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

17
Q

Examples of Type I Hypersensitivity

A

systemic anaphylaxis
localised anaphylaxis

hay fever
asthma
hives
food allergy
eczema
18
Q

Main cellular mediators in chronic inflammation

A

macrophages

lymphocytes

Year 1 Medicine (25 decks)

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