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Year 1 Medicine > Neurotransmitters and Mood and Anxiety Disorders > Flashcards

Neurotransmitters and Mood and Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Amino acid neurotransmitters, and their postsynaptic effect

A

Acetylcholine - excitatory or inhibitory
Glutamate - excitatory
Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) - inhibitory

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2
Q

Biogenic amine neurotransmitters, and their postsynaptic effect

A

Dopamine - excitatory D1, inhibitory D2
Norepinephrine - excitatory
Epinephrine - excitatory
Serotonin - excitatory or inhibitory

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3
Q

Neuropeptide neurotransmitters, and their postsynaptic effect

A

Substance P - excitatory

Opioids - inhibitory

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4
Q

What is the monoamine hypothesis (depression)?

A

Basis of depression is a depletion in levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine

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5
Q

Location of pathways of serotonin?

A 
5-HT pathways
. cerebellum
. cerebral cortex
. striatum
. hippocampus
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6
Q

Function of serotonin?

A

Control arousal/sleep wake cycle
Implicated in behaviour/mood
appetitive
emotions

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7
Q 
Which pathway involves-
Cerebellum
Cerebral cortex
Thalamus
Limbic system
A

Norepinephrine/Noradrenaline pathways

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8
Q

Function of noradrenergic pathways?

A

Influences arousal/wakefulness
Implicated in mood/behaviour
appetitive
sexual behaviour

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9
Q

What are the three pathways of dopamine?

A

Nigostriatal
Mesolimbic
Mesocortical

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10
Q

Location of Nigostriatal pathway

A

Striatum (Caudate/Putamen)

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11
Q

Location of Mesolimbic/Mesocortical pathway (6)

A 
Ventral tegmental area
limbic areas
frontal lobe
nucleus accumbens
Hippocampus
Amygdala
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12
Q

Where are the glucocorticoid receptors located in the brain? (4)

A

hippocampus
pre-frontal cortex
amygdala
hypothalamus

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13
Q

How does stress/cortisol impact the hippocampus?

A

decreases dendrites of pyramidal cells, affecting memory

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14
Q

How does stress/cortisol impact the prefrontal cortex?

A

decrease dendrites of pyramidal cells, affecting emotion and attention

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15
Q

How does stress/cortisol impact the amygdala?

A

increases arborisation

potentially increases anxiety

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16
Q

What are the areas of neurogenesis in the brain?

A

Dentate Gyrus hippocampus

Subventricular zone

17
Q

What is the function of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor?

A

increases neurogenesis

increases synaptic formation

18
Q

How does stress impact BDNF?

A

reduces levels

19
Q

What is the normal role of 5-HT receptors?

A

maintains positive emotion

prevents negative emotion

20
Q

What is the main serotonin receptor altered in chronic stress?

A

5-HT1a

Year 1 Medicine (25 decks)

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