thyroid pathology

Question 1

too much hypothalamic TRH

Answer 1

tertiary hyperthyroidism

Question 2

hyperfxning gland due to overstimulation by TSH

Answer 2

secondary hyperthyroidism

Question 3

lid lag + a fib can be sx of

Answer 3

hyperthyroidism

Question 4

graves disease is due to auto-Ab against ____receptor

Answer 4

TSH

Question 5

names for Thyroid stimualting Ab

Answer 5

1. TRab

2. TSAb

Question 6

what happens to T3/T4, and TSH in Graves?

Answer 6

high T3/T4, low TSH

Question 7

pretibial myxedema with mixed edema & nodules on shin area can be assc’d with?

Answer 7

graves disease

Question 8

diffuse, symmetrical beefy red gland assc’d wtih?

Answer 8

graves

Question 9

hyperplastic follicles with papillary infoldings; with scalloped pale colloid

Answer 9

graves disease

Question 10

what are downs syndromes patients susceptible to?

Answer 10

lymphocytic thyroiditis; may end up with hypothyroidism

Question 11

accumulation of hydrophilc ground substance (amorphous gel like substance) throughout the CT of the body

Answer 11

myxedema

Question 12

myxedema is most commonly assc’d with?

Answer 12

hypothyroidism

Question 13

facial and periorbital edema is assc’d with?

Answer 13

hypothyroidism

Question 14

what is it called when a child has hypothyroidism?

Answer 14

cretinism

Question 15

child presents with: stunted growth, retarded mental development, delayed tooth & bone development - what’s up?

Answer 15

cretinism

Question 16

if you identify cretinism, when should you tx?

Answer 16

MUST tx before 3rd week of life

Question 17

deficiency in Treg (regualtory T cells)?

Answer 17

hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 18

_____can be triggered by viral infxn to cause hashimoto thyroiditis

Answer 18

HLA-Dr5

Question 19

what does the thyroid look like in hashimoto thyroidisits?

Answer 19

pale, yellow-tan, firm; diffusely enlarged thyroid

Question 20

hurthle cells

Answer 20

hashimotos thyroiditis

Question 21

what type of thyroiditis is secondary to a viral infxn?

Answer 21

de quervain (subacute granulomatous)

Question 22

painful thyroid with transient hyperthyroidism

Answer 22

de quervain (subacute granulomatous)

Question 23

is TSH or TRH affected in goiter?

Answer 23

TSH elevated

Question 24

what is goiter?

Answer 24

impairment in ability of thyroid to produce thyroid hormone

Question 25

colloid goiter can lead to ______

Answer 25

multinodular goiter

Question 26

colloid rich follicles of varying sizes with flattened epithelium

Answer 26

multinodular goiter

Question 27

what type of lesions fail to take up radiolabeled iodine?

Answer 27

cold nodules

Question 28

what type of lesions are hyperfxning and accumulated incr amts of radioiodine?

Answer 28

hot nodules

Question 29

fine needle aspiration biopsy may need to be used on what type of nodule if detected on scan?

Answer 29

cold nodules (to differentiate b/w benign v. malignant cancers)

Question 30

risk of thyroid adenoma becoming malignant?

Answer 30

very low risk

Question 31

which type of carcinoma will killl almost all who have it?

Answer 31

anaplastic carcinoma

Question 32

which carcinoma has the best chance of survival

Answer 32

papillary carcinoma

Question 33

relative frequencies of thyroid carcinomas

Answer 33

papillary > follicular > medullary = anaplastic

Question 34

orphan annie eyes, psammoma bodies, coffee bean nucleus

Answer 34

papillary thyroid carcinoma

Question 35

where does follicular thryoid carcinoma commonly metastasize to?

Answer 35

lungs, bone

Question 36

cancer of differentiating C-cells, assc’d with RET-pro oncogene

Answer 36

medullary thyroid carcinoma

Question 37

large pleomorphic giant cells, spindle cells, cytokeratin+ but TG-

Answer 37

anaplastic thyroid carcinoma