thyroid pathology Flashcards
too much hypothalamic TRH
tertiary hyperthyroidism
hyperfxning gland due to overstimulation by TSH
secondary hyperthyroidism
lid lag + a fib can be sx of
hyperthyroidism
graves disease is due to auto-Ab against ____receptor
TSH
names for Thyroid stimualting Ab
- TRab
2. TSAb
what happens to T3/T4, and TSH in Graves?
high T3/T4, low TSH
pretibial myxedema with mixed edema & nodules on shin area can be assc’d with?
graves disease
diffuse, symmetrical beefy red gland assc’d wtih?
graves
hyperplastic follicles with papillary infoldings; with scalloped pale colloid
graves disease
what are downs syndromes patients susceptible to?
lymphocytic thyroiditis; may end up with hypothyroidism
accumulation of hydrophilc ground substance (amorphous gel like substance) throughout the CT of the body
myxedema
myxedema is most commonly assc’d with?
hypothyroidism
facial and periorbital edema is assc’d with?
hypothyroidism
what is it called when a child has hypothyroidism?
cretinism
child presents with: stunted growth, retarded mental development, delayed tooth & bone development - what’s up?
cretinism
if you identify cretinism, when should you tx?
MUST tx before 3rd week of life
deficiency in Treg (regualtory T cells)?
hashimoto thyroiditis
_____can be triggered by viral infxn to cause hashimoto thyroiditis
HLA-Dr5
what does the thyroid look like in hashimoto thyroidisits?
pale, yellow-tan, firm; diffusely enlarged thyroid
hurthle cells
hashimotos thyroiditis
what type of thyroiditis is secondary to a viral infxn?
de quervain (subacute granulomatous)
painful thyroid with transient hyperthyroidism
de quervain (subacute granulomatous)
is TSH or TRH affected in goiter?
TSH elevated
what is goiter?
impairment in ability of thyroid to produce thyroid hormone
colloid goiter can lead to ______
multinodular goiter
colloid rich follicles of varying sizes with flattened epithelium
multinodular goiter
what type of lesions fail to take up radiolabeled iodine?
cold nodules
what type of lesions are hyperfxning and accumulated incr amts of radioiodine?
hot nodules
fine needle aspiration biopsy may need to be used on what type of nodule if detected on scan?
cold nodules (to differentiate b/w benign v. malignant cancers)
risk of thyroid adenoma becoming malignant?
very low risk
which type of carcinoma will killl almost all who have it?
anaplastic carcinoma
which carcinoma has the best chance of survival
papillary carcinoma
relative frequencies of thyroid carcinomas
papillary > follicular > medullary = anaplastic
orphan annie eyes, psammoma bodies, coffee bean nucleus
papillary thyroid carcinoma
where does follicular thryoid carcinoma commonly metastasize to?
lungs, bone
cancer of differentiating C-cells, assc’d with RET-pro oncogene
medullary thyroid carcinoma
large pleomorphic giant cells, spindle cells, cytokeratin+ but TG-
anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
