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Endocrine > pit gland physio > Flashcards

pit gland physio Flashcards

1
Q

what types of loops are included in negative feedback (3)?

A
  1. ultra short loop
  2. short loop
  3. long loop
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2
Q

give an example of a positive feedback loop?

A

b4 ovulation; estradiol effect on HPA

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3
Q

which hypothalamic center is a satiety center?

A

ventromedial nucleus (VMN)

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4
Q

lesions in the ______nucleus result in obesity

A

ventromedial

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5
Q

the _____nucleus has a role in control of appetitie

A

arcuate nucleus

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6
Q

which hypothalamic center is a hunger center?

A

lateral hypothalalmus

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7
Q

which hypothalamic center is a Thermoregulation- cooling center, and a thirst center ?

A

anterior hypothalamus

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8
Q

which hypothalamic center is a thermoregulation - heating center

A

posterior hypothalamus

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9
Q

median eminence is part of the ?

A

hypothalamus

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10
Q

the hypothalamus is located in the ___Ventricle and is part of the ____ of the brain

A

3rd; diencephalon

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11
Q

what are the 3 components of the adenohypophysis?

A
  1. pars tuberalis
  2. pars distalis
  3. pars intermedia
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12
Q

The _______ is the first part of the portal circulation between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary

A

primary plexus

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13
Q

The area of the hypothalamus where the portal vessels arise?.

A

median eminence

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14
Q

which lobe has the neural cells?

A

posterior pit

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15
Q

The posterior pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus by the_____?

A

hypothalamohypophysial tract

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16
Q

what does the hypothalamohypophysial tract consist of (2)?

A

composed of the axons from the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

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17
Q

prolactin is released by which cells (2)?

A

lactotroph + mammosomatotroph

18
Q

GH is released by _____ + _________

A

mammosomatotroph + somatotroph

19
Q

FSH is released by ______

A

gonadotroph

20
Q

gonadotrophs release which hormones (2)

A

LH + FSH

21
Q

mammosomatrophs release which hormones?

A

prolactin + GH

22
Q

what cell types are most common in human ant pit?

A

somatotrope

23
Q

Which three pituitary hormones have a common α subunit but different β subunits which determine hormone specificity?

A

TSH, LH, FSH, (+hcG)

24
Q

what are the tropic hormones(4)?

A

ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH

25
Q

The fenestrated capillaries of the primary plexus join to form the ____________ which carry blood to the capillaries of the anterior pituitary.

A

hypophysial vessels

26
Q

when is the maximal secretion of GH?

A

during deep sleep (stage 3-4)

27
Q

there is a ____ in GH release with aging

A

decrease

28
Q

prolactin makes the machinery for milk or makes you release milk?

A

prolactin makes the machinery for milk

29
Q

does excessive prolactin release lead to infertility or super fertility?

A

infertility

30
Q

prolactin _____ovulation and ____spermatogenesis by _____GnRH

A

inhibits, inhibits, inhibits

31
Q

what is most important in controlling plasma vasopressin levels?

A

osmolality

32
Q

neurogenic (hypothalamic or central) diabetes insipidus is due to what issues (2)

A
  1. issue with hypothalamus

2. issue w/ connection b/w hypothalamus & post pit

33
Q

Patients on _______ can develop acquired diabetes insipidus.

A

lithium treatments

34
Q

effect of prolactin on GnRH

A

inhibits

35
Q

where is the main site of IGF synthesis?

A

liver

36
Q

What is the other name for the insulin-like growth factors

A

somatomedins

37
Q

relationship b/w GH and IGF?

A

Growth hormone might exert much of its effects through the action of IGF

38
Q

what is Panhypopituitarism?

A

inadequate production of pituitary hormones due to (1) congenital or (2) acquired diseases

39
Q

the result of excessive growth hormone in children

A

gigantism

40
Q

the result of excessive growth hormone in adults

A

acromegaly

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