pit gland physio Flashcards
what types of loops are included in negative feedback (3)?
- ultra short loop
- short loop
- long loop
give an example of a positive feedback loop?
b4 ovulation; estradiol effect on HPA
which hypothalamic center is a satiety center?
ventromedial nucleus (VMN)
lesions in the ______nucleus result in obesity
ventromedial
the _____nucleus has a role in control of appetitie
arcuate nucleus
which hypothalamic center is a hunger center?
lateral hypothalalmus
which hypothalamic center is a Thermoregulation- cooling center, and a thirst center ?
anterior hypothalamus
which hypothalamic center is a thermoregulation - heating center
posterior hypothalamus
median eminence is part of the ?
hypothalamus
the hypothalamus is located in the ___Ventricle and is part of the ____ of the brain
3rd; diencephalon
what are the 3 components of the adenohypophysis?
- pars tuberalis
- pars distalis
- pars intermedia
The _______ is the first part of the portal circulation between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary
primary plexus
The area of the hypothalamus where the portal vessels arise?.
median eminence
which lobe has the neural cells?
posterior pit
The posterior pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus by the_____?
hypothalamohypophysial tract
what does the hypothalamohypophysial tract consist of (2)?
composed of the axons from the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
prolactin is released by which cells (2)?
lactotroph + mammosomatotroph
GH is released by _____ + _________
mammosomatotroph + somatotroph
FSH is released by ______
gonadotroph
gonadotrophs release which hormones (2)
LH + FSH
mammosomatrophs release which hormones?
prolactin + GH
what cell types are most common in human ant pit?
somatotrope
Which three pituitary hormones have a common α subunit but different β subunits which determine hormone specificity?
TSH, LH, FSH, (+hcG)
what are the tropic hormones(4)?
ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH
The fenestrated capillaries of the primary plexus join to form the ____________ which carry blood to the capillaries of the anterior pituitary.
hypophysial vessels
when is the maximal secretion of GH?
during deep sleep (stage 3-4)
there is a ____ in GH release with aging
decrease
prolactin makes the machinery for milk or makes you release milk?
prolactin makes the machinery for milk
does excessive prolactin release lead to infertility or super fertility?
infertility
prolactin _____ovulation and ____spermatogenesis by _____GnRH
inhibits, inhibits, inhibits
what is most important in controlling plasma vasopressin levels?
osmolality
neurogenic (hypothalamic or central) diabetes insipidus is due to what issues (2)
- issue with hypothalamus
2. issue w/ connection b/w hypothalamus & post pit
Patients on _______ can develop acquired diabetes insipidus.
lithium treatments
effect of prolactin on GnRH
inhibits
where is the main site of IGF synthesis?
liver
What is the other name for the insulin-like growth factors
somatomedins
relationship b/w GH and IGF?
Growth hormone might exert much of its effects through the action of IGF
what is Panhypopituitarism?
inadequate production of pituitary hormones due to (1) congenital or (2) acquired diseases
the result of excessive growth hormone in children
gigantism
the result of excessive growth hormone in adults
acromegaly
