pit gland histology

Question 1

what is superior to the pit gland?

Answer 1

diaphragma sellae and hypothalamus

Question 2

what is inferior to the pit gland?

Answer 2

sella turcica

Question 3

what is lateral to the pit gland?

Answer 3

cavernous sinuses

Question 4

anteroinferior to pit gland?

Answer 4

sphenoid sinus

Question 5

anterosuperior to pit gland?

Answer 5

optic chiasm

Question 6

cavernous sinuses contain what structures?

Answer 6

internal carotids

Question 7

CN __, ____,___ and ____tracts are adjacent to pit gland

Answer 7

III, IV, VI optic tract

Question 8

what division is the anterior and the posterior pituitary derived from?

Answer 8

ectoderm

Question 9

in the development of the pit gland, what is derived directly from the oral ectoderm prior to developing into the anterior lobe?

Answer 9

rathke’s pouch

Question 10

the posterior lobe is directly derived from?

Answer 10

neuroectoderm

Question 11

what are the signaling molecules for the development of the pit gland?

Answer 11

BMP-4 + FGF-8

Question 12

Remnants of Rathke’s cleft and the craniopharyngeal duct in children

Answer 12

Craniopharyngioma

Question 13

what does adult Craniopharyngioma develop from?

Answer 13

from mature cells in the anterior hypophysis

Question 14

Superior hypophysial arteries supplies?

Answer 14

anterior pit

Question 15

inferior hypophysial arteries supplies

Answer 15

posterior pit

Question 16

a scant reticulin network in pars distalis characterizes what?

Answer 16

pituitary adenoma

Question 17

what to use if you want to ID hormone that an adenoma is producing (ie. FSH)

Answer 17

immunohistochemistry

Question 18

acidophils that secrete GH?

Answer 18

somatotropes

Question 19

acidophils that secrete prolactin

Answer 19

Mammotropes (lactotropes)

Question 20

what are the only acidophils in the pars distalis?

Answer 20

somatotropes + mammotropes

Question 21

rarely, acidophilic stem cells in a normal pit can synthesize & secrete ____ and _____

Answer 21

GH and prolactin

Question 22

basophils that secrete ACTH and β-lipotrophic hormone

Answer 22

Corticotropes

Question 23

basophils that secrete LH and FSH

Answer 23

gonadotropes

Question 24

ACTH is found where in pit?

Answer 24

mucoid wedge; can invade posterior pit

Question 25

crooke’s hyaline change is seen with what?

Answer 25

response of corticotropes to excess glucocorticoids

Question 26

collection of axons whose cell bodies reside in the supraoptic & paraventricular nucleir of the hypothalamus

Answer 26

neurohypophysis

Question 27

what are the support cells of the neurohypophysis

Answer 27

pituicytes

Question 28

paraventricular nucleus makes?

Answer 28

oxytocin

Question 29

supraventricular nucleus makes?

Answer 29

ADH

Question 30

dilatations along the length of the axons in neurohypophysis?

Answer 30

herring body