diet & diabetes Flashcards
destruction of the beta cells/insulin deficient
type 1 DM
progressive insulin secretory defect; insulin resistance
type 2 DM
what is a cornerstone in tx of diabetes
medical nutrition tx
in a study of 18K diabetics, only _____ had at least 1 nutrition visit in a ___yr period
9.1%; 9 yr
medical nutrition plans especially depend on (2)
- type of diabetes
2. age
4 goals of MNT
- healthyful eating to improve overall health
- attain glycemic, BP, lipid goals
- achieve/maintain body weight goals
- delay/prevent diabetes complications
goal A1c under____
7%
goal BP under____
140/80
goal lipids: LDL__, TG____, HDL____
LDL under 100, TG under 150, HDL over 40
what macronutrient has the greatest effect on tx of diabetes
carbs
primary method of counting carbs
read food labels
which method of carb counting is strictly used for type 1 DM?
level III (advanced)
starting goal of carb counting is ____, with ____CHO at each snack
45-60 (starting); 15-20 grams (snack)
methods of regulating carb intake (3)
- counting carbs
- glycemic index
- glycemic load
low GI is under ____, medium is____, high GI is ____
under 55; 56-69; >70
___GI are digested and absorbed slowly
low
glycemic index uses the ___ of carbs, whereas glycemic load uses the _____of carbs
quality; quality and quantity
glycemic load = GI / ?
glycemic load = GI / 100 gr serving
GL ____is low, GL ____is medium, GL _____is high
GLunder 10 is low, GL 11-19 is medium, GL >20 is high
guidelines for protein intake for diabetics
18-20% of nrg intake (same as normal ppl)
guidelines for fat intake for diabetics
20-35% of nrg intake (same as general population)
benefits are assc’d with ____unsaturated fat
mono
benefits assc’d with omega___FA
3
inclusion criteria for DPP (3)
- overweight
- dx’d with prediabetes
- oral glu tolerace test 140-199
