Thyroid Gland

Question 1

what is the function of the thyroid gland?

Answer 1

Thyroid takes iodine from the blood and binds it with thyroglobulin (TG) to make hormones

Question 2

what is the colloid of the thyroid?

Answer 2

makes hormones and passes them back, so the colloid side puts TG back in the cell to release active hormones to the blood.

Question 3

what is thyroid peroxidase? what happens if it gets blocked

Answer 3

iodination reaction and coupling reaction; if blocked, you can’t make new hormones to put into circulation

Question 4

what is used to screen for thyroid dysfunction?

so what happens if TSH, T3, and T4 are all high?

If T4 and T3 are high and TSH is low, where is the problem?

Answer 4

TSH, T3 and T4 are tested as well

the problem is in the PG

problem is on the thyroid gland itself (primary problem)

Question 5

what is the main active hormone? what is the binding affinity like?

Answer 5

T3, the highest binding affinity for thyroid hormone receptor (TR)

Question 6

T/F, T4 and T3 can be interconverted based on needs?

Answer 6

T

Question 7

which is the active hormone between T3 and T4?

Answer 7

T3 is the inactive metabolite that T4 is converted to in order to reduce activity.

Question 8

how does thyroid hormone feedback regulation work?

Answer 8

thyroid hormone feedback regulation of gland activity via suppression of TRH and TSH secretion

Question 9

how does autoregulation of thyroid gland activity work?

Answer 9

via the Wolf-Chaikoff effect (looks at iodine intake, checks how much hormones are present and decides if iodine should be pulled). Energy intake and adipose tissue stores regulation of thyroid gland activity via leptin and CNS regulation of TRH secretion.

Question 10

Hashimoto(chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis) and Postpartum (silent) thyroiditis are what types of thyroid gland disorders?

Answer 10

hypothyroidism

Question 11

what are the common symptoms of hypothyroidism?

Answer 11

general slowing down, dry skin, constipation, brittle hair

Question 12

since we know that thyrotoxicosis includes graves disease, toxic goiter, thyroiditis, and excessive thyroxine ingestion, these are what types of thyroid gland disorders?

Answer 12

hyperthyroidism

Question 13

what are the s/s of hyperthyroidism?

Answer 13

jittery, shaky, nervous, difficulty concentrating, emotional liability, insomnia, increased heart rate, eye disease

Question 14

eye disease is characteristic of what type of thyroid disease?

Answer 14

hyperthyroid