Pulmonary Function Flashcards
what are the different muscles used for inhalation?
Diaphragm contracting and external intercostal muscles
what are the different muscles used for exhalation?
Internal intercostal muscles and diaphragm relaxing
what are the different muscles used for forced inhalation?
Sternocleidomastoid, Scalenes, Pectoralis minor
what are the different muscles used for forced exhalation?
Abdominal muscles
what is tidal volume?
500 mL
what is Forced inspiratory volume (Inspiratory reserve volume) (Top)?
3000, 2100 mL
what is Forced expiratory volume (Expiratory reserve volume) (Upper bottom) ?
1200, 800 mL
what is Remaining residual volume (Lower bottom)?
1200 mL
what is a pneumocyte?
One of the cells lining the alveoli in the lung
what are the two types of pneumocytes?
Type 1 and 2
what is type 1 pneumocyte?
The cell responsible for the gas exchange that takes place in the alveoli. It is a very large thin cell stretched over a very large area.
what is type 2 pneumocyte?
The cell responsible for the production and secretion of surfactant (the molecule that reduces the surface tension of pulmonary fluids and contributes to the elastic properties of the lungs).
what happens if the type 1 pneumocyte is damaged?
This type of cell is susceptible to a large number of toxic insults and cannot replicate itself.
what happens if the type 2 pneumocyte is damaged?
The type 2 pneumocyte is a smaller cell that can replicate in the alveoli and will replicate to replace damaged type 1 pneumocytes
