Thyroid Function Considerations for patient care Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the thyroid

A
  • works on almost every cell in the body
  • speeds up cell processes: hyperfunction and increases function of other cells
  • increases basal metabolic rate
  • works by secreting two metabolically active hormones: T4, T3
  • thyroid secretion regulated by anterior pituitary gland
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2
Q

What is the thyroid important for

A
  • overall growth esp. in children
  • fat and carbohydrate metabolism
  • respiratory rrate
  • GI mobility
  • CNS
  • sleep
  • sexual function
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3
Q

thyroid function effects on the cardiovascular function

A
  • decerases systemic vascular resistance e
  • increases: heart rate, left ventricular contractility, blood volume
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4
Q

What is the thyroid role in blood pressure

with hyperthyroidism

A
  • hyperthyroidism assoicated with arteial stiffness despite a decrease in systemic vascular resistance
  • can cause HTN, esp. in older adults with atherrosclerosis
  • treatment: B-blockers, treatment of hyperthyroidism
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5
Q

What is the thyroid function with blood pressure: hypothyroidism

A
  • tends to result in diastolic HTN
  • treatment: treatment for hypothyroidism
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6
Q

what is the thryoid function on muscle function

A
  • slight increase in thyroid hormone: stronger muscle contraction
  • large increase: protein catabolism = tremor, weakness, myopathy
  • decrease in thyroid hormone: takes a while to generate contraction: slower muscle contraction, slower relaxation (EMG = repetitive discharge)
  • decrease = cramping, ataxia, hyporeflexia, nystagmus, tremor
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7
Q

What are common causes of hypothyroidism

A
  • congential autoimmune disorder such as hashimoto thryoiditis
  • thyoid ablation – surgery or radiation
    inceased TSH levels with deceased T3/T4
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8
Q

What are common signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism

A
  • weight gain
  • cold intolerance
  • fatigue
  • myxedema: non-pitting, boggy edema: not good venous return
  • increased LDL cholesterol; aterriosclerosis, CAD, HTN
  • increased risk of stroke
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9
Q

PT considerations with hypothyroidism

A
  • can begin exercise once thyroid replacement initiated
  • will have had execise intolerance, fatigue, weakness
  • rhabdomyolysis possible with exercise
  • common assoicated problems that may benefit from PT: arthritis, carpal tunnel, fibromyalgia
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10
Q

Hyperthyroidism: causes

A
  • most common cause = autoimmne (grave’s disease)
  • Thyrotoxicosis: increased levels of thyroid hormones
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11
Q

Neuromuscular signs and sympoms of hyperthyroidism

A
  • proximal muscle weakness, tremor
  • impaired coordinaion or balance
  • myasthenia gavis: more likely overtime to have this
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12
Q

What are PT considerations with hyperthyroidism

A
  • monitor vital signs and exercise responses: tachycarrdia, dyspnea
  • increased caution if known heart disease: arrythmia, angina
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13
Q

What are the treatments for hyperthyroidims

A
  • antithyroid drugs: beta blockers
  • radioactive iodine: reduces function
  • surgery

last two will increase the rick of hypofunction

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14
Q

What have studies demonstrated with hyperthyroiodism and new onset A-fib

A
  • increased risk of ischemic stroke clustering during the initial phase of presentation
  • indicates need for early use of anticoagulation therapy in patients with hyperthyroidism and AF
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