Peripheral Nerve disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are common sites of injury to peripheral nerves

A
  • nerve roots
  • brachial plexus
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2
Q

Peripheral nerves of Upper quarter screen and NR

A
  • axillary nerve: C5-C6
  • musculocutaneous nerve: C5-6
  • median nerve C6-C8
  • ulnar nerve: C8-T1
  • radial nerve: C6-T1
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3
Q

Peripheral nerves lower quarter screen and NR

A
  • femoral nerve L2-L4
  • obturator nerve: L2-L4
  • sciatic nerve: L4-S3
  • Tibial/posterior tibial nerve: L4-S3
  • Common peronal nerve: L4-S2
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4
Q

Upper quarter screen myotomes

A
  • C1-C2: cervical flexion
  • C3: cervical side flexion
  • C4: scapular elevation
  • C5: Shoulder abduction
  • C6: elbow flexion and wrist extension
  • C7: elbow extension and wrist flexion
  • C8: thumb extension
  • T1: finger abduction
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5
Q

Lower quarter myotomes:

A
  • L1-2: hip flexion
  • L3: knee extension
  • L4: ankle dorsiflexion
  • L5: big toe extension
  • S1: ankle eversion and plantar flexion, hip extension
  • S2: knee flexion
  • S3: no specific test; intrinsic foot muscles
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6
Q

Morton Neuroma

A
  • ball of nerves that forms a tumor
  • typically between 3rd and 4th metatarsals
  • burning, tingling in forefoot interspaces of toes while walking
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7
Q

causes of mortons neuroma

A
  • inadequate footwear
  • excessive pronation
  • arthritis
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8
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome types

A
  • vascular TOS 5%
  • neurogenic 95%
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9
Q

TOS: etiology of symptoms

A
  • compressive neuropathy
  • faulty posutre most common
  • entrapment of neural tissue from scar tissue or pressure
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10
Q

Assessing Vascular TOS

A
  • 3 minute elevated test
  • adson test
  • swelling
  • discoloration of hand
  • costclavicular test
  • hyperabduction test
  • UE claudication
  • differences in BP
  • skin temperature changes
  • cold intolerance
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11
Q

Neural TOS assessment

A
  • point tenderness of C5-C6
  • pressure over lateral neck elicits pain and or numbness
  • pain with head turned and or tilted to opposite side
  • weak biceps
  • weak triceps
  • weak wrist
  • hypoesthesia in radial nerve distribution
  • 3 minute abduction stress test
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12
Q

what are comme compression/entrapment sites in TOS

A
  • interscalene triangle
  • costoclavicular space
  • rectropectoralis minor space
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13
Q

Ulnar nerve compression in tunnel of guyon

A
  • claw hand
  • atrophy between metacarpals
  • atrophy with hypothenars
  • loss of digits 4 and 5 for spherical and cylindrical power grips
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14
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  • median nerve
  • hand involvement without the palm
  • phalens and reverse phalens
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15
Q

radial nerve compression: radial groove

A
  • fracture or compression. (saturday night palsy)
  • triceps spared
  • weakness: wrist extension
  • sensory loss: dorsum of hand dorsum of fingers 1-4

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16
Q

Radial nerve: supinator syndrome

A
  • posterior interosseus nerve
  • weakness: finger extesnors
  • spared: brachioradialis, wrist extensor
  • sensation
17
Q

SI joint pain

A
  • PSIS
  • lower lumbar spine (L5 - 72%)
  • buttocks (94%)
  • posterior lateral thigh (50%)
  • knee to the ankle (14%)
  • lateral foot (8%)
  • abdominal (2%)
  • groin or pubic (14%)
  • anteiror thigh (10%)