Neuromuscular dysfunction with endocrine and or cardiovascular disorders

Question 1

What are some examples of neuromuscular disorders that could make O2 transport hard

Answer 1

• cerebral lesions: CVA, CP, TBI
• spinal cord: polio, SCI
• demyelinating disease: GBS, ALS, MS
• neuromuscular junction: myasthenia gravis
• failure of contracile mechanisms of muscles: myopathy

Question 2

What can NM disorders reduce in reguards to CV and O2 transport

Answer 2

• respiratory mm strength/endurance (MG/SCI)
• inspiratory/expiratory presssure (keep airway open/cough issues)
• lung volumes and capacity
• flow rates

Question 3

How can neuromuscular disorders contribute to respirtory issues

Answer 3

• can cause hypoventilation
• hypoventilation can lead to airway closure
• airway closure can lead to hypoexmia
• hypoexmia can lead to hypercapnia

Question 4

How can NM disease along with cardio/respirtory issues implicate physical therapy

what should PTs do

Answer 4

• optimize alveolar ventilation
• airway protection
• patient/family education
• exercise prescription
• movement economy
• montior patient

Question 5

Implications of NM disease with endocrine disease

Answer 5

• disorders of thyriod, pancreas, adrenal glands, and posterior pituitary gland
• additional weakness due to endocrine dysfunction

Question 6

NM signs of thyroid dysfunction: hypothyroidism

Answer 6

• weakness
• lethary, impaired memory and cognition
• poor concentration
• paresthesia, muscle cramps

Question 7

NM signs of thyroid dysfunction: hyperthyroidism

Answer 7

• confusion, seizures
• weakness
• tremor, chorea, athetosis (muscles are constantly functioning)

Question 8

Neuromuscular signs wtih adrenal gland hyperfunction

Answer 8

• weakness
• emotional lability
• depression

Question 9

neuromuscular signs with adrenal hypofunction

Answer 9

• fatigue
• weakness
• depression

Question 10

neuromuscular signs with parathyroid hyperfunction

Answer 10

• weakness

Question 11

neuromuscular signs with parathyroid hypofunction

Answer 11

• fatigue
• weakness
• chorea
• athetosis
• headache

Question 12

PT implications for neuromuscular and endocrine dysfunction

Answer 12

• effectiveness of pharmacological interventions will impact PT tx
• exercise perscription

Question 13

Neuromuscular disease and obesity

Answer 13

• alveolar hypoventilation
• increase mass of chest wall and abdomen
• increase energy to displace mass during respiration
• impaired diaphragmatic excursion
• systemic and pulmonary HTN

Question 14

neuromuscular disease and anorexia

Answer 14

• O2 transport deficits because of general debility and metabolis catabolism
• may see cardiac effects