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Pathophysiology 1 MCQ > Thyroid Disease > Flashcards

Thyroid Disease Flashcards

1
Q 
Approximate weight of thyroid gland:
 25-30 g
 100-150 g
  25-30 mg
 250 – 300 g
A

25-30 g

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2
Q 
How much of the circulating T4 is free?
 0,1 – 0,3 %
 1 – 3 %
 5 – 10 %
 0,01-0,05%
 20 – 50 %
A

0,01-0,05%

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3
Q 
Effects of TSH, except:
 increases iodine uptake
 increases the synthesis of T4/T3
 increases the vascularization of thyroid gland
 potentiate the release of TRH
 increases the mass of thyroid gland
A

potentiate the release of TRH

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4
Q 
Incidence of hypothyroidism in the population:
 10 – 20 %
 0,1 -0,5 %
 20 – 30%
   30 – 40 %
 3 – 5 %
A

3 – 5 %

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5
Q 
Clinical signs of hypothyroidism, except:
  constipation
 myxedema
 anemia
  tachycardia
 carotinoderma
A

tachycardia

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6
Q 
Possible cause of hypothyroidism, except:
  Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
 Graves-Basedow disease
 subacute thyroiditis
  iodine deficiency
 increased iodine uptake
A

Graves-Basedow disease

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7
Q 
Possible cause of hyperthyroidism, except:
 iodine deficiency
 subacute thyroiditis
 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
 struma ovarii
 thyrotoxicosis factitia
A

iodine deficiency

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8
Q

False statement for subacute thyroiditis:
viral infection is involved in the etiology
increased RAIU
absence of anti-thyroidal antibodies
fever, pain
enlargement of thyroid gland

A

increased RAIU

absence of anti-thyroidal antibodies

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9
Q 
Characteristic findings in toxic adenoma (Plummer’s disease), except:
 goiter
 Se  TSH ↓
 exophthalmus
 more frequent in women
 hyperthyroidism
A

exophthalmus

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10
Q 
Which parameter is not altered in Graves-Basedow’s disease?
  anti-TR Ab
 anti-TPO Ab
  thyroglobulin (Tg)
  Se FT4
 RAIU
A

thyroglobulin (Tg)

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11
Q 
Possible cause of euthyroid goiter, except:
 excessive consumption of brassica
 iodine deficiency
 subacute thyroiditis
 Graves-Basedow disease
 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
A

Graves-Basedow disease

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12
Q 
Observations in iodine deficiency:
 Se  FT4 ↑ and FT3 ↓
 RAIU ↓
 Se  FT4 ↓, and FT3 ↑
 Se TSH ↓
 Se  FT4 ↑ and FT3 ↑
A

Se FT4 ↓, and FT3 ↑

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13
Q 
Characteristic findings in subclinical hyperthyroidism, except:
  normal Se  FT4  
 normal Se  FT3 
 Se  TSH ↑
  anti-TPO Ab is not typical
 Se  FT4 ↑ and FT3 ↑
A

Se TSH ↑

Se FT4 ↑ and FT3 ↑

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14
Q 
Characteristic findings in  subclinical hyperthyroidism, except:
 normal Se  FT4 
 Se  FT4 ↓ and normal FT3 
 normal Se  FT3 
  Se  TSH ↓
 anti-TPO Ab is not typical
A

Se FT4 ↓ and normal FT3

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15
Q

Characteristic findings in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, except:
enlarged multinodular goiter
hyperthyroidism is observed usually at the beginning of the disease
more common in women
genetically transmitted (genetic predisposition, dut not 100% transmitted)
histologically lymphocytic/plasmacytic infiltration in the thyroid gland

A

?enlarged multinodular goiter (it’s enlarged but can’t find any info on if it’s multilobular)

?genetically transmitted (genetic predisposition, but not 100% transmitted)

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16
Q

False statement for postpartum thyroiditis:
lymphocytic thyroiditis
a type of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis that develops in pregnancy
may cause hyper- or hypothyroidism, as well
observed following pregnancy
the presence of anti-TPO Ab and/or anti-Tg Ab indicate the development of permanent hypothyroidism

A

a type of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis that develops in pregnancy

17
Q

Effects of TSH:
enhance iodine uptake
reduces the vascularization of thyroid gland
increase the size of thyroid gland
increase the synthesis and release of T4 / T3 via Ca2+-intracellular signaling

A

enhance iodine uptake

increase the size of thyroid gland
increase the synthesis and release of T4 / T3 via Ca2+-intracellular signaling

18
Q

True statement for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis:
often occurs together with type 1 DM
patients usually have painless goiter
anti-TPO Ab often increased significantly
anti-Tg Ab usually negative

A

often occurs together with type 1 DM
patients usually have painless goiter
anti-TPO Ab often increased significantly

19
Q 
 Clinical signs of hypothyroidism:
 pretibial myxedema
 carotinoderma
 hypertriglyceridemia
 anemia
A

carotinoderma

anemia

20
Q 
 Radioactive iodine uptake is increased in the following diseases:
 Graves-Basedow disease
 thyroiditis
 multinodular goiter
 exogenous thyroid hormone therapy
A

Graves-Basedow disease

multinodular goiter

21
Q 
 Increased radioactive iodine intake in thyroid gland:
 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
 iodine deficiency
 thyrotoxicosis factitia
 toxic adenoma
A

iodine deficiency
thyrotoxicosis factitia
toxic adenoma

22
Q 
High risk groups for hypothyroidism: 
 women
 patients with Graves-Basedow disease or postpartum thyroidal dysfunction in the anamnesis
 type 1 DM
 age between 45-65
A

women

type 1 DM

23
Q

Possible cause of primary hypothyroidism:
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
lithium therapy
irradiation (radioactive iodine therapy of hyperthyroidism)
Plummer’s disease

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
lithium therapy
irradiation (radioactive iodine therapy of hyperthyroidism)

24
Q 
Possible cause of hyperthyroidism:
 toxic uninodular or multinodular goiter
 toxic diffuse goiter
 subacute thyroiditis
 struma ovarii
A

toxic uninodular or multinodular goiter
toxic diffuse goiter
subacute thyroiditis
struma ovarii

25
Q 
Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism:
 von Graefe’s sign
 hoarseness
 abnormal menstrual cycles
 bradycardia
A

von Graefe’s sign

abnormal menstrual cycles

26
Q 
Possible causes of euthyroid goiter:
 iodine deficiency
 subacute thyroiditis
 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
 Graves-Basedow disease
A

iodine deficiency

subacute thyroiditis

27
Q 
Thyroid nodule is rather benign, if:
 thyroid antibody titer is elevated
 thyroid scintigraphy shows a cold nodule
it issoft to touch
 develops in young men
A

thyroid antibody titer is elevated

it issoft to touch

28
Q

True statements for subacute thyroiditis:
it is probably due to a viral infection
always causes hypothyroidism
symptoms include fever and thyroid tenderness
RAIU increased

A

it is probably due to a viral infection

symptoms include fever and thyroid tenderness

29
Q 
Typical clinical findings in Graves-Besedow disease:
    atrial fibrillation
 HLA-B8 and DR3 association
 fatigue
 euthyreoid goiter
A

HLA-B8 and DR3 association

fatigue

30
Q 
The most common causes of euthyroid goiter:
 Plummer’s disease
 congenital T4 receptor deficiency
 struma ovarii
 subacute thyroiditis
A

congenital T4 receptor deficiency

subacute thyroiditis

Pathophysiology 1 MCQ (16 decks)

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