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Pathophysiology 1 MCQ > Adrenals > Flashcards

Adrenals Flashcards

1
Q 
 Synthetized by the zona glomerulosa cells in the adrenal cortex:
  dehydroepiandrosterone
 11-deoxycortizol
 cortisol
  aldosterone
 androgens
A

aldosterone

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2
Q 
 Synthetized by the zona fasciculata cells in the adrenal cortex:
 dehydroepiandrosterone
 corticosterone
 cortisol
 aldosterone
 androgens
A

cortisol

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3
Q 
 Synthetized by the zona reticularis cells in the adrenal cortex:
 dehydroepiandrosterone
 corticosterone
 cortisol
 aldosterone
 11-deoxycortizol
A

dehydroepiandrosterone

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4
Q 
 17-OH-corticosteroids are the metabolite of:
 glucocorticoids
 androgens
 mineralocorticoids
  estrogens
 none of them
A

?glucocorticoids

mineralocorticoids

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5
Q 
 17-ketosteroids in urine are the metabolite of:
 glucocorticoid
 androgens
 mineralocorticoids
 estrogens
 none of them
A

androgens

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6
Q 
 Effects of glucocorticoids, except:
 gluconeogenesis 
 se glucose↑
 eosinopenia
 GFR↑
 collagen synthesis ↑
A 
 gluconeogenesis 
se glucose↑
eosinopenia
 GFR↑
 collagen synthesis ↑
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7
Q 
 Clinical signs of acute adrenocortical insufficiency, except:
 hypotension
 hypernatremia
 dehydration
 hypoglycemia
 nausea
A

hypernatremia

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8
Q 
 Clinical signs of chronic primary adrenocortical insufficiency, except:
 hypernatremia
 hypotension
 GI disturbances
 muscle weakness
 hyperpigmentation
A

hypernatremia

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9
Q

The most common cause of chronic primary adrenocortical insufficiency:
fungal infection
Tuberculosis most common = autoimmune 90%, but TB and tumor is also mentioned in the lecture so they can be right as well.
tumor metastasis
autoimmune
hemorrhagic necrosis

A

autoimmune

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10
Q 
 Clinical signs of chronic adrenocortical insufficiency, except:
 orthostatic hypotension
 abdominal pain
 hyperglycemia
 weight loss
 hyponatremia
A

hyperglycemia

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11
Q 
 Clinical signs of the secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, except:
 lymphocytosis
 dehydration
 ACTH ¯
 eosinophilia
 anemia
A

dehydration

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12
Q 
 Clinical signs of Cushing-syndrome, except:
 central obesity
 livid striae
 virilization
 depression
 amenorrhea
A

virilization

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13
Q 
 Clinical signs of Cushing-syndrome, except:
 hirsutisms
 osteoporosis
 dysmenorrhea
 depression
 amenorrhea
A

dysmenorrhea

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14
Q 
 Conn-syndrome is not associated with:
 17α-hydroxylase deficiency
 11ß-hydroxylase deficiency
 hyperplasia
 21-hydroxylase deficiency
 adenoma
A

?21-hydroxylase deficiency

adenoma

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15
Q

True statement for secondary mineralocorticoid-excess:
can be due to SIADH
can be due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency
se renin level is low
can occur in liver-cirrhosis
all of them

A

?can occur in liver-cirrhosis

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16
Q 
 Cause of secondary mineralocorticoid excess with hypertension, except:
 Bartter-syndrome
 reninoma
 estrogen therapy
 accelerated hypertension
 renovascular disease
A

reninoma
estrogen therapy
accelerated hypertension
renovascular disease

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17
Q 
 Typical sign of pheochromocytoma, except:
 hypertension developed in paroxysm
 constipation
 nausea, vomiting,
 hyperhidrosis
 24 hours urine VMA↑
A

constipation

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18
Q

True statements:
mineralocorticoids are synthetized in zona glomerulosa
mineralocorticoids are synthetized in zona fasciculata
glucocorticoids are synthetized in zona fasciculata
glucocorticoids are synthetized in zona glomerulosa

A

mineralocorticoids are synthetized in zona glomerulosa

glucocorticoids are synthetized in zona fasciculata

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19
Q 
Effects of glucocorticoids:
 increase gluconeogenesis
 increase protein synthesis
 stimulate bone resorption 
 increase water and Na+-excretion
A

increase gluconeogenesis

stimulate bone resorption

20
Q 
Signs of acute Addisonian crisis, except:
 hypotension and shock
 hypoglycemia
 fever
 oedema
A

oedema

21
Q 
Signs of primary adrenocortical insufficiency:
 weakness, fatigue, 
     loosing weight
 hypertension
 GI disturbances
 vitiligo
A

weakness, fatigue,
loosing weight

GI disturbances

22
Q 
Which of the followings can not cause secondary adrenocortical insufficiency:
 glucocorticoid therapy
 Addison’s disease
 Sheehan-syndrome
 Waterhouse–Friderichsen-syndrome
A

?glucocorticoid therapy
Addison’s disease
Sheehan-syndrome

23
Q 
 Clinical signs of Cushing-syndrome:
 central obesity
 virilization
 psychological disorders     - Depression
 hypotension
A

central obesity

psychological disorders

24
Q 
Clinical signs of Cushing-syndrome:
 obesity
 hypertension
 psychological disorders
 virilization
A

obesity
hypertension
psychological disorders

25
Q

Characteristic findings in Cushing-syndrome:
random secretion of ACTH
hyperpigmentation
absence of normal diurnal rhythm
TSH-, GH-, LH-, FSH-secretion are increased

A

random secretion of ACTH

absence of normal diurnal rhythm

26
Q 
 Hyperaldosteronism may develop due to:
 estrogen therapy
 cirrhosis
 Bartter-syndrome
 tuberculosis
A

estrogen therapy
cirrhosis
Bartter-syndrome

27
Q 
Possible causes of secondary hyperaldosteronism:
 renovascular disease
 estrogen therapy
 cirrhosis
 Bartter-syndrome
A

renovascular disease
estrogen therapy
cirrhosis
Bartter-syndrome

28
Q 
 Signs of primary hyperaldosteronism:
 polyuria
 oedema
 hypokalemia
 acidosis
A

?

29
Q 
 Causes of secondary hyperaldosteronism:
 diuretic therapy
 nephrotic syndrome
 cardiac decompensation
 liver cirrhosis
A

liver cirrhosis

30
Q 
 Possible causes of  Conn's syndrome:
 adrenocortical hyperplasia
 Bartter-syndrome
 17α-hydroxylase-deficiency
 21α-hydroxylase-deficiency
A

adrenocortical hyperplasia

17α-hydroxylase-deficiency

31
Q 
 Possible cause of Conn's syndrome, except:
 adrenocortical hyperplasia
 Bartter-syndrome
 17α- hydroxylase-deficiency 
 21α- hydroxylase-deficiency
A

Bartter-syndrome

21α- hydroxylase-deficiency

32
Q 
Signs of Conn's syndrome:
 hypertonia
 metabolic acidosis
 polyuria, polydipsia
 hyperkalemia
A

polyuria, polydipsia

33
Q

Characteristic findings in ectopic ACTH-syndrome:
random secretion of ACTH
hyperpigmentation
usually the typical symptoms of Cushing syndrome are missing
hyperkalemia

A

random secretion of ACTH
hyperpigmentation
usually the typical symptoms of Cushing syndrome are missing

34
Q 
Typical signs of 11-β-hydroxylase deficiency:
 hirsutisms
 early adrenarche
 hypokalemia
 hypertonia
A

hirsutisms
early adrenarche
hypokalemia

35
Q 
Typical signs of 11-β-hydroxylase deficiency:
 hirsutisms
 hypertension
 hypokalemia
 early menarche
A

hirsutisms
hypertension
hypokalemia
early menarche

36
Q 
Typical signs of 21-hydroxylase deficiency:
 hirsutisms
 early menarche
 hypokalemia
 hypertonia
A

hirsutisms

early menarche

37
Q 
 Which endocrine disease can cause hypertension?
 acromegaly
 diabetes insipidus
 Cushing-syndrome
 hyperprolactinemia
A

acromegaly

Cushing-syndrome

38
Q 
 Hypertension can develop due to:
 hyperthyroidism
 Conn-syndrome
 11-β-hydroxylase deficiency 
 Sheehan-syndrome
A

hyperthyroidism
Conn-syndrome
11-β-hydroxylase deficiency

39
Q 
 Which endocrine disease can cause hypotension?
 hypothyreosis
 Sheehan-syndrome
 21-hydroxylase deficiency 
 11-β-hydroxylase deficiency
A

Sheehan-syndrome

21-hydroxylase deficiency

40
Q 
 Which endocrine disease can cause hypotension?
 Addison-disease
 Sheehan-syndrome
 Waterhouse–Friderichsen-syndrome
 Cushing-syndrome
A

Addison-disease
Sheehan-syndrome
Waterhouse–Friderichsen-syndrome

41
Q 
Which of the test can be used to diagnose Pheochromocytoma:
 se metanephrine, normetanephrine
 Clonidin suppression test
 131I-MIBG scan
 chromogranin A
A

se metanephrine, normetanephrine
Clonidin suppression test
131I-MIBG scan
chromogranin A

42
Q 
Clinical signs of pheochromocytoma:
 hypertension
 obesity
 nausea, vomiting
 nycturia
A

hypertension

nausea, vomiting

43
Q 
Clinical signs of pheochromocytoma:
 palpitation
 headache
 sweating
 cold limbs
A

palpitation
headache
sweating
cold limbs

44
Q 
True statements for pheochromocytoma:
 familiar in 10%
 intramedullary in 10% 
 bilateral in 10%
 benign in 10%
A

familiar in 10%

bilateral in 10%

45
Q 
True statements for pheochromocytoma:
 extramedullary  in 10%
 acquired in 10%
 malignant in 10%
 unilateral in 10%
A

extramedullary in 10%

malignant in 10%

46
Q 
True statements for pheochromocytoma:
 warm, red limbs
 orthostatic hypotension can be observed between attacks 
 weight gain
 hypertension develops in paroxysm
A

orthostatic hypotension can be observed between attacks

hypertension develops in paroxysm

Pathophysiology 1 MCQ (16 decks)

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