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Pathophysiology 1 MCQ > Arrythmia > Flashcards

Arrythmia Flashcards

1
Q 
Possible symptoms of arrhythmia:
 fatigue
 palpitation
 dizziness, confusion
 no symptoms
A

fatigue
palpitation
dizziness, confusion
no symptoms

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2
Q 
ECG signs of atrial fibrillation:
 absolute arrhythmia
 absence of P waves
 there are F waves
 ventricular tachycardia
A

absolute arrhythmia

absence of P waves

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3
Q 
Risk factors of arrhythmia:
 dilatative cardiomyopathy
 potassium imbalance
 coronary sclerosis
 heart failure
A

dilatative cardiomyopathy
potassium imbalance
coronary sclerosis
heart failure

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4
Q

It is true for both atrial and ventricular fibrillation:
the longer persists, the more difficult it gets to stop
can be terminated by a cardioverter-defibrillator
can be terminated by carotid massage
it is an immediate danger for life

A

can be terminated by a cardioverter-defibrillator

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5
Q 
Possible symptoms of arrhythmias:
 dizziness, syncope
 palpitation
 headache
 feeling warm
A

dizziness, syncope
palpitation
headache

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6
Q 
It may cause arrhythmia:
 dilation of the atria
 drug effect
 ischemic heart disease
 hypertension
A

dilation of the atria
drug effect
ischemic heart disease
hypertension

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7
Q 
The most common arrhythmia that requires treatment
 atrial fibrillation
 left bundle branch block (LBBB)
 ventricular fibrillation
 ventricular extrasystole
A

atrial fibrillation

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8
Q

The most severe complication due to atrial fibrillation
embolization
development of heart failure
ventricular hypertrophy
syncope due to impaired ventricular filling

A

embolization

development of heart failure

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9
Q 
Effective therapy in torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia
 Mg++ infusion
 β blocker
 Ca++ antagonist
 Ca++ infusion
A

Mg++ infusion

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10
Q 
 Which of the following arrhythmias can be terminated by vagal maneuvers?
 AVRT
 atrial flutter
 atrial fibrillation
 ventricular tachycardia
A

AVRT

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11
Q 
 It may cause atrial fibrillation:
 coronary heart disease (CHD)
 hyperthyroidism
 mitral stenosis
 hypokalemia
A

coronary heart disease (CHD)
hyperthyroidism
mitral stenosis

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12
Q

What can be used to terminate an AVNRT?
Valsalva maneuver
cardioversion
carotid massage
PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention)

A

Valsalva maneuver
cardioversion
carotid massage

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13
Q 
 Possible symptom of arrhythmias
 fatigue
 confusion
 syncope
 circulatory collapse
A

fatigue
confusion
syncope
circulatory collapse

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14
Q

Which statements are true about atrial fibrillation?
atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically important arrhythmia
approximately half of the patients do not seek medical help
anticoagulation is necessary for these patients
its prevalence exceeds 10% in the elderly

A

atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically important arrhythmia
approximately half of the patients do not seek medical help
anticoagulation is necessary for these patients

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15
Q 
 Which of the following methods should be attempted first to terminate a tachycardia caused by a simple reentry?
 carotid massage
 Valsalva maneuver
 cardioverter-defibrillator
 drugs
A

carotid massage

Valsalva maneuver

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16
Q 
Risk factors of arrhythmia:
 potassium imbalance
 coronary sclerosis
 dilatative cardiomyopathy
 heart failure
A

potassium imbalance
coronary sclerosis
dilatative cardiomyopathy
heart failure

17
Q

Heterotopic disorder of impulse formation:
atrial fibrillation
paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
AV block
sick sinus syndrome

A

atrial fibrillation

paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

18
Q

It is possible to terminate atrial fibrillation by:
electric isolation of the pulmonary veins from the left atrium by electrocoagulation
wandering atrial pacemaker
induction of ventricular fibrillation
physical exercise

A

electric isolation of the pulmonary veins from the left atrium by electrocoagulation

physical exercise

19
Q 
Which of the following causes paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
 AVRT
 AVNRT
 sinus node reentry tachycardia
 atrial flutter
A

AVRT
AVNRT
sinus node reentry tachycardia

20
Q 
 Retrograde P waves may occur after the QRSs in:
 AVRT
 atrial extrasystole
 ventricular extrasystole
 multifocal atrial tachycardia
A

AVRT

21
Q 
 It causes or increases the risk for arrhythmia:
 defibrillation
 coronary heart disease (CHD)
 electrolyte imbalance
 high blood pressure
A

defibrillation
coronary heart disease (CHD)
electrolyte imbalance
high blood pressure

22
Q 
 Its onset may lead to prompt death
 ventricular fibrillation
 torsade de pointes tachycardia (TDT)
 ventricular tachycardia
 atrial fibrillation
A

ventricular fibrillation

torsade de pointes tachycardia (TDT)

23
Q

What is expected to happen as a result of a vagal maneuver in AVNRT?
the tachycardia suddenly stops
nothing
the tachycardia gets faster, so vagal maneuvers are contraindicated in AVNRT
the tachycardia slows down

A

the tachycardia suddenly stops

24
Q 
Atrial fibrillation may be caused by
 dilation of the atrium
 decreased refractory time in the atrium
 vagus effect
 increased conduction speed in the atrium
A

dilation of the atrium

decreased refractory time in the atrium

25
Q

Characteristic for arrhythmias caused by late afterdepolarizations:
they are not terminated by overdrive pacing
they are more likely to occur if sympathetic tone is increased
they respond well to administration of magnesium
they are caused by abnormal function of K channels

A

they are not terminated by overdrive pacing

they are more likely to occur if sympathetic tone is increased

26
Q 
 Arrhythmias of genetic origin:
 Brugada syndrome
 CPVT (catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia)
 Bermuda syndrome 
 Ziehl–Neelsen syndrome
A

Brugada syndrome

CPVT (catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia)

27
Q

Carotis-massage is effective against tachycardia if
AV junction is an integral part of the reentry mechanism
SA node is an integral part of the reentry mechanism
the patient is not unconscious
the heart rate does not exceed 180/min

A

AV junction is an integral part of the reentry mechanism

the patient is not unconscious
the heart rate does not exceed 180/min

28
Q

Which statements are true about abnormal automaticity?
it has a role in the development of parasystole
it occurs in cells with reduced resting membrane potential
it does not occur in ventricular cells because they lack the If current
it is the most common cause of bradyarrhythmias

A

it has a role in the development of parasystole

it occurs in cells with reduced resting membrane potential

29
Q

As a result of carotid massage in atrial flutter:
the rate of F waves decreases
it is easier to recognize the F waves
ventricular rate decreases
the arrhythmia is terminated in the majority of the cases

A

ventricular rate decreases

30
Q

Appearance of atrial fluttern is enhanced by
atrial fibrillation
decrease in conduction speed in the atrial muscular tissue
decrease of refracter character the atrial muscular tissue
increase in sympathetic activity

A

decrease in conduction speed in the atrial muscular tissue
decrease of refracter character the atrial muscular tissue
increase in sympathetic activity

31
Q 
A sudden death of a patient with WPW syndrome is probably caused by
 FBI tachycardia
 orthodromic AVRT
 antidromic AVRT
 sinus arrest
A

FBI tachycardia

32
Q

It is true for Brugada syndrome
coved ST elevation is seen in the right precordial leads
it is inherited
PSVT is common in this condition
the arrhythmias causing sudden death originate in the right ventricle

A

coved ST elevation is seen in the right precordial leads
it is inherited
the arrhythmias causing sudden death originate in the right ventricle

33
Q 
Implantation of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) is indicated in
 WPW syndrome
 severe heart failure
 atrial fibrillation
 Brugada syndrome
A

severe heart failure
atrial fibrillation
Brugada syndrome

Pathophysiology 1 MCQ (16 decks)

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