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CN-P > Thyroid Blood Work > Flashcards

Thyroid Blood Work Flashcards

1
Q

What is TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)

A

TSH regulates the thyroid gland, influencing the production of
thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) that play a crucial role in metabolism, energy balance, and overall well-being. Functional medicine uses TSH to assess thyroid function, typically using
other markers to make a comprehensive assessment

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2
Q

What is low value TSH

A

Low TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels may indicate hyperthyroidism
or an overactive thyroid, where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones, potentially causing symptoms like weight loss, rapid heart rate, anxiety, and heat intolerance. Low TSH and low T4 can indicate hypothyroid function caused by pituitary stress

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3
Q

What is high value TSH

A

High TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels typically indicate an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), where the pituitary gland produces more TSH to stimulate the thyroid gland to release more thyroid hormones due to their insufficient levels in the blood

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4
Q

What is Free T3 (Triiodothyronine)

A

Free T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone, crucial for
metabolism, energy production, and overall cellular function

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5
Q

What is low value Free T3

A

Low triiodothyronine (T3) levels may indicate hypothyroidism or decreased thyroid function, where the thyroid gland does not produce enough T3 hormone, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, depression, and cold intolerance

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6
Q

What is high value Free T3

A

High triiodothyronine (T3) levels may indicate hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland is overactive and produces excess thyroid
hormones, leading to symptoms like rapid heart rate, weight loss, anxiety, and increased metabolism

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7
Q

What is Free T4 (Thyroxine)

A

Free T4 is the circulating levels of unbound thyroxine, an essential thyroid hormone involved in metabolism, growth, and energy regulation

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8
Q

What is low value Free T4

A

Low thyroxine (T4) levels suggest hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight
gain, cold intolerance, and slowed metabolism, and it may be due to autoimmune conditions, iodine deficiency, or certain medications

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9
Q

What is high value Free T4

A

High thyroxine (T4) levels may indicate hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid function, which can result from conditions such as Graves’ disease, thyroiditis, or
excessive thyroid hormone replacement, leading to symptoms like weight loss, increased heart rate, anxiety, and heat intolerance

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10
Q

What is Thyroxine (T4) Total

A

T4 is a thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland and plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and energy expenditure. It serves as
a precursor to the active thyroid hormone T3. Totally, T4 helps regulate TSH production.
In functional medicine, assessing T4 levels provides valuable insights into thyroid health
and metabolic balance. Levels outside the functional ranges may suggest thyroid dysfunction

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11
Q

What is low value total thyroxine (T4)

A

Low total thyroxine (T4) levels suggest hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland is underactive, potentially due to conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, iodine
deficiency, or pituitary dysfunction, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance

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12
Q

What is high value total thyroxine (T4)

A

High total thyroxine (T4) levels may indicate hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, potentially leading to symptoms like rapid heartbeat, weight loss, nervousness, and increased metabolism, or it could
result from thyroid hormone replacement therapy or certain medications

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13
Q

What is Reverse T3 (rT3)

A

Reverse T3 can indicate thyroid dysfunction or stress
response, as elevated levels may interfere with T3 activity and metabolism. Reverse T3 is a metabolite of T4 that is produced then T4 is converted to its inactive form. High levels of rT3 can decrease the effectiveness of Free T3 by competing with it for binding sites on thyroid hormone receptors

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14
Q

What is low value Reverse T3 (rT3)

A

Not typically clinically relevant

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15
Q

What is high value Reverse T3 (rT3)

A

High levels may indicate thyroid dysfunction of a stress response

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16
Q

What is T3 Uptake

A

T3 uptake is a measure of the unbound binding sites on
thyroid-binding proteins in the blood. While it doesn’t directly measure T3 levels, it provides insights into thyroid hormone binding capacity and may indirectly reflect thyroid hormone availability

17
Q

What is low value T3 Uptake

A

Low T3 uptake indicates reduced binding of triiodothyronine (T3) to thyroid-binding proteins, which can suggest conditions such as hypothyroidism,
protein malnutrition, liver disease, or the presence of certain medications that affect thyroid hormone binding and transport in the blood

18
Q

What is high value T3 Uptake

A

High T3 uptake levels may indicate hyperthyroidism or reduced levels of thyroid-binding proteins, suggesting that more thyroid hormone is unbound and
available in the bloodstream, which can lead to symptoms like increased metabolism, weight loss, and anxiety

19
Q

What is Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPOAb)

A

TPOAb is a marker of autoimmune thyroid conditions,
particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. In functional medicine, testing for TPO antibodies helps
assess autoimmune thyroid conditions, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease

20
Q

What is low value TPOAb

A

Low levels of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPOAb) typically suggest a lower likelihood of autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or
Graves’ disease, indicating that the immune system is not actively attacking the thyroid gland

21
Q

What is high value TPOAb

A

High levels of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPOAb) indicate an autoimmune response against the thyroid gland, often associated with conditions like
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease, suggesting thyroid inflammation and potential dysfunction

22
Q

What is Thyroglobulin Antibodies (TgAb)

A

TgAb measures the presence of antibodies against
thyroglobulin, a protein, produced by the thyroid gland and involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. It is another marker of autoimmune thyroid disorders, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease

23
Q

What is low value TgAb

A

Low thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) levels generally indicate an absence of autoimmune activity against the thyroid, suggesting that autoimmune
thyroid diseases like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease are unlikely

24
Q

What is high value TgAb

A

High levels of Thyroglobulin Antibodies (TgAb) suggest an
autoimmune response against the thyroid gland, commonly associated with conditions such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease, indicating potential thyroid inflammation and dysfunction

25
Q

What is Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies (TRAb)

A

TRAb are antibodies that bind to the TSH receptor on thyroid cells. Associated with Graves’ disease, TRAb antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland, leading
to excess thyroid hormone production

26
Q

What is low value TRAb

A

Low levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies (TRAb) typically indicate the absence or low activity of autoimmune thyroid disease, such as
Graves’ disease, suggesting normal thyroid function or remission in treated individuals.

27
Q

What is high value TRAb

A

High levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies (TRAb) suggest the presence of autoimmune thyroid conditions, such as Graves’ disease,
where these antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland to produce excessive thyroid hormones, leading to hyperthyroidism

28
Q

What is Thyroglobulin (Tg)

A

Thyroglobulin is a protein produced by the thyroid gland that serves as a precursor to thyroid hormones. It is used as a marker for thyroid cancer recurrence, thyroid health, and to monitor post thyroidectomy

29
Q

What is low value Thyroglobulin (Tg)

A

Low thyroglobulin (Tg) levels typically indicate an underactive thyroid or successful suppression or removal of thyroid tissue, which can be seen in conditions like hypothyroidism or after thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine treatment for thyroid cancer

30
Q

What is high value Thyroglobulin (Tg)

A

High thyroglobulin (Tg) levels may indicate thyroid dysfunction, such as thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, or thyroid cancer, and can also suggest that thyroid tissue
remains or is regenerating after thyroid surgery or radioactive iodine therapy.

31
Q

What is Thyroid Binding Globulin (TBG)

A

TBG is a protein in the blood that binds to thyroid hormones and transports them to tissues throughout the body. Assessing TBG levels helps evaluate thyroid hormone transport and utilization in the body.
Dysregulation of TBG production or binding capacity may affect thyroid hormone balance and contribute to symptoms of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism

32
Q

What is low value Thyroid Binding Globulin (TBG)

A

Low TBG levels mean there is less protein available to bind and transport thyroid hormones, resulting in more free thyroid hormones in the blood. This can occur
with liver disease, hyperthyroidism, or the use of certain medications like steroids. Symptoms may resemble those of hyperthyroidism, such as anxiety, weight loss, and
rapid heartbeat

33
Q

What is high value Thyroid Binding Globulin (TBG)

A

High TBG levels mean there is more protein binding thyroid hormones, reducing the amount of free hormones available to the body’s tissues. This can happen during pregnancy, with estrogen therapy, or in liver disease. Symptoms may resemble
hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, and feeling cold, even if the thyroid is functioning normally

34
Q

What is Iodine

A

Essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, iodine deficiency or excess can impact thyroid function and overall health. Deficiency in iodine can contribute to
hypothyroidism and excess can contribute to hyperthyroidism. Assessing iodine status
helps identify potential contributors to thyroid dysfunction, such as insufficient dietary intake,
impaired iodine absorption, or environmental exposures

35
Q

What is low value Iodine

A

Low iodine can lead to an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), causing symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, and hair loss. It may also cause the thyroid to enlarge (goiter) as it struggles to produce enough hormones. This can happen if you’re not getting enough iodine from your diet or if your body isn’t absorbing it properly

36
Q

What is high value Iodine

A

Too much iodine can overstimulate the thyroid, leading to an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism). This can cause symptoms like weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, and sweating. High iodine levels can come from consuming too much iodine-rich food or supplements, or from exposure to iodine in certain medications or medical
procedures

CN-P (12 decks)

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