Cellular Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is mitochondria

A

The powerhouse of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of mitochondria

A

Produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and is essential for physiological processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Importance of mitochondria

A

Enables efficient energy production via oxidative phosphorylation & reduces reliance on less efficient anaerobic glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the structure of mitochondria

A

Oval-shaped, membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the outer membrane structure & function

A

Smooth, permeable phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins; Allows passage of small molecules (ATP, ADP, metabolic intermediates), first layer of protection for cell, regulates shape, size, and distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the inner membrane structure & function

A

Folded into cristae to increase surface area, contains cardiolipin, making it highly selective; It’s the primary site of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis and controls ions and metabolite movement with selective transport proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is intermembrane space structure & function

A

It’s located between outer and inner memebranes; It’s made of enzymes for the Krebs Cycle and mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, and functional proteins; Maintains proton gradient for ATP production = proton gradients drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase; It also regulates apoptosis, protein transport, and ion/metabolite exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the structure and function of Mitochondrial Matrix

A

It’s located in the innermost compartment, enclosed by the inner membrane; It’s made of a gel-like substance and contains enzymes, mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, tRNA, and molecules needed for protein synthesis; It houses enzymes responsible for the Krebs cycle to generate NADH and FADH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What critical roles do Mitochondrial membranes play

A

Cellular energy production, apoptosis, and metabolic regulation; Dysfunction can disrupt energy balance and cell survival mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly