Random Flashcards
What is autophagy
A cellular process in which the body breaks down and recycles its own damaged or unnecessary components
What is the role of glutathione in the body
It protects cells from damage, regulating cell processes, and detoxifying harmful substances
Which fatty acid is essential for maintaining cell membrane fluidity
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3 fatty acids like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
What is polycythemia vera
A rare blood disorder that can cause anemia or low red blood cell count. PV occurs when the bone marrow produces too many red blood cells, which thickens the blood and can lead to blood clots
What is macrocytic anemia
Macrocytic anemia is a type of anemia where the red blood cells (RBCs) are larger than normal. This condition occurs when the body does not have enough of certain nutrients, such as vitamin B12 (cobalamin) or folate
What is microcytic anemia
Microcytic anemia is a type of anemia characterized by abnormally small red blood cells (microcytes). These cells are smaller than normal and often contain less hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in the blood
What is thalassemia
Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by less oxygen-carrying protein (hemoglobin) and fewer red blood cells in the body than normal.
Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, paleness, and slow growth
What is hypo-chromic anemia
Hypochromic anemia is a condition where red blood cells (RBCs) have less color than normal. This can occur when the RBCs have less hemoglobin, the pigment that carries oxygen
What is hereditary spherocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a genetic blood disorder that causes red blood cells (RBCs) to become abnormally spherical in shape. This abnormal shape makes the RBCs more fragile and susceptible to destruction in the spleen
What is a hemorrhagic stroke
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in or on the brain ruptures, causing bleeding into the brain tissue. This bleeding puts pressure on the brain cells, damaging them and leading to neurological symptoms
What is atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that affects the arteries. It occurs when plaque, a buildup of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances, forms on the inner walls of the arteries. This buildup can narrow the arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart, brain, and other organs. Over time, atherosclerosis can lead to serious health problems, such as heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease
What is Gilbert’s disease
Gilbert’s disease is a common, harmless genetic condition that affects the liver’s ability to process bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down
What is apoptosis
The death of cells which occurs as a normal and controlled part of an organism’s growth or development
