THRC.1

Question 1

List the meninges of the CNS in order of depth (starting with most superficial)

Answer 1

• Dura mater
• Arachnoid membrane
• Pia mater

Question 2

Arachnoid membrane and pia mater are collectively known as…

Answer 2

Leptomeninges

They are relatively delicate compared with dura mater

Question 3

Unlike the neural tissue they surround, the meninges are sensitive to…

Answer 3

Pain

Question 4

The spinal dura mater is separated from the vertebral canal by…

Answer 4

The epidural space

Question 5

Contents of the epidural space

Answer 5

• Fat
• Venous plexus

Question 6

Common epidural space injection sites

Answer 6

Spatium lumbosacrale:

• Between:
  
  • Last lumbar vertebra
  • First sacral vertebra

Or

• Between:
  
  • Last sacral vertebra
  • First caudal vertebra

Question 7

What is found at the caudal end of the spinal dura mater?

Answer 7

Filum terminal durae matris

• Blind-ending sac
• Unites with other meninges
• Fuses with dorsal surface of caudal vertebrae

Question 8

Dura mater is vascularised by…

Answer 8

Spinal arteries

Question 9

Cranial dura mater is fused with…

Answer 9

Inner periosteum of the skull

Question 10

Falx cerebri

Answer 10

Fold of dura mater extending:

Midline of the longitudinal cerebral fissure → Between the hemispheres

Question 11

Caudally, falx cerebri meets which structure?

Answer 11

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 12

Which partition covers the roof of the hypophyseal fossa?

Answer 12

Diaphragma sellae

Question 13

True or false - Cranial nerves are surrounded by dural sheaths?

Answer 13

True

Until they leave the dural cavity

Question 14

Where can infection spread from the lymphatic system to the meninges and neural tissue?

Answer 14

The cuffs, surrounded by CSF where the cranial nerves exit the skull

Question 15

Cranial dura mater is vascularised by…

Answer 15

Meningeal arteries

Question 16

Arachnoid membrane

Answer 16

2-part membrane cell layer moulded against:

• Dura mater
• Pia mater

Question 17

Area found between the two arachnoid membrane cell layers

Answer 17

Subarachnoid space

filled with CSF

Question 18

Enlargements of the subarachnoid space

Answer 18

Cisternae

Used for:

• Injection
• CSF extranction

Question 19

Pacchioni granulations

Answer 19

Mushroom-shaped projections extending from the arachnoid membrane into dural venous sinuses

Question 20

Pia mater is in direct contact with the…

Answer 20

Glial limiting membrane of the neural tissue

Question 21

Describe the structure of pia mater along the spinal cord

Answer 21

Bilaterally thickened along the lateral surface

Question 22

Describe the spread of the denticulate ligament

Answer 22

• Traverse the subarachnoid space
• Attach to dura mater
• Suspending the spinal cord

Question 23

After entering the brain,… is surrounded by the pia mater for a short distance

Answer 23

Cranial vessels

Its thought that CSF can enter these vessels

Question 24

Where does the main blood supply for the brain originate from outside the skull?

Answer 24

Eq/Ca/Su: Internal carotid arteries

• From a. maxillaris et vertebralis:
  
  • Ru: Rete mirabile epidurale rostrale
  • Fe: Rami retes

Question 25

Which receives more blood? * White matter * Grey matter

Answer 25

Grey matter

Question 26

Blood-brain barrier

Answer 26

Reduced permeability between: * Capillary endothelium * Surrounding glial cells

Question 27

Give the groups of veins of the brain

Answer 27

* Dorsal * Basal/ventral * Inner

Question 28

Dorsal vein system collects blood from...

Answer 28

* Dorsal parts of the brain * Bones of the cranial vault

Question 29

The connection between the ventral and dorsal venous systems

Answer 29

* Transverse sinuses (Dorsal group) * Temporal sinus (Ventral group) Not in Eq

Question 30

The ventral/basilar venous group drains blood from...

Answer 30

* Ventral brain * Parts of the face

Question 31

Answer 31

Artery of callous body

Question 32

Answer 32

Middle cerebral artery

Question 33

Answer 33

Internal carotid artery

Question 34

Answer 34

Arterial circle

Question 35

Answer 35

Caudal cerebral artery

Question 36

Answer 36

Basilar artery

Question 37

Answer 37

Rostral cerebellar artery

Question 38

Answer 38

Caudal cerebellar artery

Question 39

Answer 39

Branch of the vertebral artery

Question 40

Answer 40

Ventral spinal artery

Question 41

Answer 41

Rostral dorsal cerebral vein

Question 42

Answer 42

Middle dorsal cerebral vein

Question 43

Answer 43

Caudal dorsal cerebral vein

Question 44

Answer 44

Temporal sinus

Question 45

Answer 45

Dorsal sagittal sinus

Question 46

Answer 46

Transverse sinus

Question 47

Answer 47

Ophthalmic plexus

Question 48

Answer 48

Rostral intercavernous sinus

Question 49

Answer 49

Caudal intercavernous sinus

Question 50

Answer 50

Basilar sinus

Question 51

Answer 51

Temporal sinus

Question 52

Answer 52

Ventral petrosal sinus

Question 53

Answer 53

Dorsal petrosal sinus

Question 54

Answer 54

Chiasmatic groove

Question 55

Answer 55

Middle cerebral artery

Question 56

Answer 56

Cerebral carotid artery

Question 57

Answer 57

Rostral epidural rete mirabile

Question 58

Answer 58

Basilar artery

Question 59

Answer 59

Caudal cerebellar artery

Question 60

Answer 60

Internal carotid artery

Question 61

Answer 61

Dura mater

Question 62

Answer 62

Subarachnoid cavity

Question 63

Answer 63

Diaphragma sellae

Question 64

Answer 64

Cerebral falx

Question 65

Answer 65

Subarachnoidal cavity

Question 66

Answer 66

Epidural cavity

Question 67

Answer 67

Encephalic arachnoid

Question 68

Answer 68

Denticulate ligament