THRA.22 Flashcards
Give the development of embryonic muscle
Mesodermal somite cells → mesenchymal stem cells → embryonic muscle
Function of muscles
Convert chemical energy into mechanical energy
Give the three types of muscle
- Smooth
- Cardiac
- Skeletal
Give the divisions of a skeletal muscle
- Tendon of insertion
- Muscle belly
- Tendon of origin
Muscles are surrounded by…
Epimysium + epitendineum
(Fibrous connective tissue)
Vessels enter muscle at the…
Hilus
M. unipennatus
Muscle with:
- Two parallel tendon sheaths
- Fibres oblique to the line of force
M. bipennatus
Muscle with:
- Double tendon sheaths
- Fibres oblique to the line of force
M. multipennatus
Muscle with:
- Multiple tendon sheaths
- Fibres oblique to the line of force
List the classifications of skeletal muscle
- Flexor
- Extensor
- Adductor
- Abductor
- Sphincter
- Dilator
- Levator
- Depressor
- Rotator
- Supinator
- Pronator
(D[a]DS EARFLAPS)
Which structures passively support muscles?
- Fascia
- Septa intermuscularia
- Bursae synoviales
- Vaginae synoviales tendinum
List the major cutaneous muscles
- Platysma
- M. cutaneus colli
- M. cutaneus faciei
- M. cutaneus trunci
- M. sphincter colli profundus
- M. sphincter colli superficialis
- M. frontalis
- M. interscutularis
- M. parotideoauriculatis
- Mm. preputiales cran et caud
- M. supramammarius cranialis et caudalis
M. cutaneus colli
- Eq/Ru/Su
- Over jugular groove
- Twitch skin of the neck
M. cutaneus faciei
- Eq/Ru
- Continuation of m.cutaneus colli
- Covers m. masseter
- Tenses the skin of the face + lips
M. cutaneus trunci
- Lateral part of the trunk, caudal to shoulder
- Twitches the skin of the trunk
M. frontalis
- Ca/Su/Ru
- Over the temporal + frontal bone
- Moves the skin over the forehead
M. interscutularis
- Attaches to the cartilago scutiformis of the ear
- Draws the base of the ear medially
Mm. preputiales cran. et caud.
- From the ostium of the prepuce to the wall of the prepuce
- Pulls the prepuce over the penis for urination
M. sphincter colli profundus
- Ca
- From masseteric and parotid regions
- Moves skin of face and cheek
M. sphincter colli superficialis
- Ca
- From sternum to the mandible
- Tense the skin of the neck
M. supramammarius cran. et caud.
- Allows twitching of the skin over the mammae
Platysma
- Ca/Su
- Primary muscle of facial expression
M. parotideoauricularis
- Allows movement of the ear
- For facial expression
- For focus of hearing
