Thorax 1 - Thoracic skeleton and intercostal space Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the thorax composed of?

A

ribs, intercostal space, costal cartilage, sternum, thoracic vertebrae

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2
Q

What are the functions of the thoracic organs?

A
  1. Protect internal organs
  2. Actively involved in respiration
  3. Attachments
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3
Q

What are the 3 bones of the sternum called?

A

Manubrium, body and xiphoid process

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4
Q

How many ribs do we have and how are they attached to the sternum? (what cartilage)

A

12 ribs and they are attached by costal cartilage

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5
Q

How many vertebrae do we have? What letter do we use to refer to each?

A

33, T

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6
Q

What types of joints are in the abdomen?

A

All 3 of them, fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial

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7
Q

Describe the ribs and the names of each. Which ribs are which type?

A

12 ribs, 1-7 are true ribs. 8-10 are false ribs and 11-12 are floating ribs.

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8
Q

Which ribs are typical ribs? What number ribs are they?

A

Ribs 3-9. They are ribs with a head, neck and body. The head has 2 facets for articulation with vertebrae. It articulates with its vertebrae and the one above. The ribs has a curved body and a costal groove on the interior side.

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9
Q

Which ribs are atypical? Describe their structure

A

Ribs 1,2,10,11,12
The first rib is broad and sharply curved. It contains only a single facet for articulation with T1. It has 2 grooves on superior surface.

The second rib has two facets for articulation with T1 and T2. It contains rough areas for muscle attachment.

Ribs 10,11,12 have 1 facet.
Ribs 11 and 12 are short, no neck or tubercle.

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10
Q

What are the 7 types of joints of the thorax?

A
  1. Manubriosternal - articulation between the upper two parts of the sternum (manubrium and sternal body. It is at the level of the angle of Louis, at the 2nd coastal cartilage and T4&T5..
  2. Xiphisternal - attachment of the body and the xiphiod process
  3. Sternocostal - a synovial joint where the true ribs touch the sternum.
  4. Costochondral - cartilaginous joints where ribs make a joint with costal cartilage.
  5. Interchondral - synovial joint between the costal cartilages of the ribs
  6. Costovertebral - joints connecting the ribs to the vertebral column. This connects on the head of the ribs to the bodies of the vertebrae.
  7. Costotransverse -Formed between the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra.
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11
Q

Name features of the vertebrae that we need to know

A
Superior and inferior articular process
Intervertebral foramen
Intervertebral disc
Transverse process 
Vertebral body
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12
Q

What is present between the inner and innermost intercostal muscle?

A

A fascial plane because the two muscles run in different directions

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13
Q

Where do the VAN (vein,artery,nerve) run?

A

Just below each rib

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14
Q

Where do the neurovascular structures run?

A

T1-T11

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15
Q

What are intercostal arteries branches of?

A

Branches of the aorta. There are anterior and posterior intercostal arteries.

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16
Q

Where do all the veins of the abdomen (right and left superior intercostal vein, posterior intercostal vein, subcostal veins) drain to?

A

The Vena Cava