Genomes Flashcards
What are the goals of the HGP?
- To sequence the human genome
- To identify genes and their functions
- To investigate the associations between genes and disease
How many genes in the human genome?
What % of these are coding ones?
21,000
1.6%
Give the name of some sequences in DNA
Introns
Protein-coding regions
Non-repetitive and non coding DNA
Repeated sequences (LINES and SINES - long and short interspersed elements)
What is bioinformatics?
Using computers to analyse and organise genome data
What does comparison of known genes help us to do?
What does comparison of predicted amino acid sequence and 3D structures help us to do?
To identify genes and suggest functions
Helps assign proteins to functional families
What other ‘omes’ are we now studying?
The transcriptome
The proteome
The microbiome
What are common differences between organisms called?
Polymorphisms
What is the most common type of human polymorphism?
Single nucleotide polymorphisms
Which feature of the human genome is derived from insertion of retro virus genomes?
LINEs (long intersperses elements)