Bones and Joints Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 types of joints and what unites them?

A
  1. Fibrous united by collagen
  2. Cartilaginous united by cartilage
  3. Synovial united by a fibrous capsule
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2
Q

How movable are each of the joints?

A

Fibrous is no movement, cartilaginous is little movement and synovial has lots of movement.

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3
Q

What is the main example in the body where fibrous joints are found?

A

Sutures in the skull

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4
Q

What are the three types of suture?

A

squamous, serrated and denticulate

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5
Q

What are the three types of fibrous joints?

A

Sutures, syndesmosis and gomphoses

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6
Q

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

A

Synphyses and synchondroses

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7
Q

Give some details on each of the cartilaginous joints

A
Synphyses = A partially moveable joint in which apposing surfaces are covered by hyaline cartilage but separated by fibrocartilage.
Synchondroses = Solid plate of hyaline cartilage. The . cartilage plate acts as an epiphyseal plate between primary and secondary ossification centres.
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8
Q

What are the 4 main components of a synovial joint?

A
  1. Ends of bones covered in hyaline cartilage
  2. Joint cavity
  3. Joint capsule
  4. Synovial membrane
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9
Q

How much synovial fluid is there and what does it do?

A

5ml to lubricate the joint and keep the cartilage healthy

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10
Q

Why can cartilage and not bone be used at synovial joints?

What type of cartilage is used?

A

Bone is too rigid and bone had a blood and nerve supply which would cause pain as the bones grind.
Articular cartilage is used.

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11
Q

What is the role of the discs at the articular surfaces of a synovial joint?

A

The range of movements is increased at the joints. It also helps to spread the load of force over the joint.

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12
Q

What are bursae in synovial joints?

A

Sacs filled with synovial fluid.

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13
Q

What are the 4 things that movement at synovial joints is related to?

A
  1. Shape of the articulations
  2. Tension of the joint capsule
  3. Positions of the ligaments
  4. Position of the muscles surrounding the joints
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