Thigh - Hip - Groin Flashcards
Where is there a break when people say they’ve got a broken hip?
at the neck of the femur
Why is the femur shaped the way it is?
To provide greater strength and compatibility with muscles
Where are bones most vulnerable for breaking/fracture?
where a bone changes shape and direction is where its weakest
What connects femur to pelvis and protects ball socket?
The joint capsule which is over the ligament
How to prevent thigh injuries? What are the basic exercises for strengthening?
strengthen core, adductors, hips, abductors
Squats, lunges, leg press
What are the cause of thigh contusions? What are the signs of contusions?
constantly exposed to traumatic blows
pain, loss of function, make sure to detect potential internal bleeding because of myositis ossificans
How to treat quad contusion?
ice with a stretch - helps make sure range of motion is there and to prevent myositis ossificans
isometric quad contractions
heat helps break up scar tissue
How to detect myositis ossificans?
repeated blows to quad, feel for tension and tenderness, go get an x-ray to detect calcium deposits
Cause of quad strain? Signs? Care?
sudden stretch or over constricted muscle
pain, point tenderness, spasm, loss of function
rest, ice, and compression
Cause of hamstring strain? Signs?
hamstring and quad contract together
fatigue, posture, leg length, lack of flexibility, strength imbalances
What is the purpose of neoprine?
keeping the muscle/soft tissue warm
How to care for quad/hamstring strain?
be careful with hamstrings
rest, ice, and slowly reintegrate into training
What are the causes of injury to hip, groin, and pelvis?
Signs?
poor strength and flexibility, occurs from rotation or severe stretch
sudden twinge or tearing, produce pain, weakness, and internal hemorrhaging
How to care for grain strain?
RICE and NSAID for 48-72 hrs, rest, restore range of motion and strengthen
Causes of sprains to the hip join?
Signs of injury?
How to care for?
result of violent twist, force from opponent/object forced
acute injury/inability to hip region
x-ray to detect, RICE, ROM is delayed until hip is pain free
Cause of dislocated hip?
Signs?
traumatic force direct along the long axis of the femur
flexed, adducted and internally rotated hip, palpation reveals displaced femoral head
How to care for dislocated hip?
immediate medical care
2 weeks immobilization and crutch for 1 month
Cause of hip labral tears?
Signs?
overuse from running/pivoting and or acute trauma
clicking, locking, pain and stiffness in groin
How to care for hip labral tear?
exercises for ROM, strength, and stability
avoid activity
surgical repair
What is Piriformis syndrome? Signs?
compression of sciatic nerve resulting in irritation from tightness or spasm of muscle
signs are pain, numbness, and tingling
How to care for Piriformis syndrome?
stretching, massage, NSAID’s, surgery if necessary
What hip problem happens with adolescent athletes?
Legg Calve-Perthes Disease (Coxa Plana)
avascular necrosis of the femoral head, articular cartilage becomes necrotic and flattens
What are the sings of Legg Calve Perthes ?
pain in groin and or abdomen and knee
limping and bad ROM
How to care for Leg Calve Perthes?
rest, brace, early treatment to reossify, treat early or risk osteo-arthritis
What is an Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip pointer)?
direct blow to hip area
pain, spasms and paralysis
decreased rotation of trunk and hip region
How to care for Iliac Crest Contusion?
RICE, bed rest, x-ray, padding
What is an avulsion fracture?
Signs?
Care?
pulling of tendon away and off of bone insertion from sudden acceleration and deceleration
sudden pain with limited movement, pain and swelling
rest with limited gradual activity
