THERIO - Contraception & Pregnancy Termination

Question 1

List seven surgical methods of contraception

Answer 1

Ovariohysterectomy
Ovariectomy
Ovary-sparing hysterectomy
Ligation of uterine tubes
Saplingectomy
Castration
Vasectomy

O O O Let’s Save Ceramic Vases

Question 2

Six non-surgical contraceptive methods

Answer 2

Steroid hormones
Protein hormones
Immunosterilization
Chemical sterilant
Barrier contraception devices
Gene silencing

Stinky People In Cars Buy Gas

Question 3

Reproductive status at time of OHE/age and mammary tumor risk

Answer 3

Never in estrus - 0.5%
In estrus once - 8%
In estrus 2+ times regardless of age - 26%

Younger than 2.5 years - 6%
Older than 2.5 years - 40%

Question 4

Effect of OHE on uterine, ovarian, vaginal tumors:

Castration - relative risk of ____ and ____ has a marked decrease

Answer 4

OHE - prevents uterine, ovarian, vaginal tumors
Castration - marked decrease in perianal gland tumors and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 5

Ovary-sparing hysterectomy (OSH)

What kind of estrous cycles?
Characteristics of vulva and vagina?
Behaviors?
Greater risk for developing what?

Answer 5

Routine estrous cycles
Enlarged vulva with no vaginal bleeding (may be some)
Estrous behaviors
Greater risk for developing mammary tumors

Question 6

What are the ideal features of non-surgical contraception?

Answer 6

Single, easy administration
Cost effective
100% efficacy (both sexes, all ages)
Induction of rapid and permanent sterility
Eliminates sexual behavior in dogs and cats but not wildlife

Question 7

Estrogens, especially diethylstilbestrol is no longer recommended to treat mismating due to:

Answer 7

Safety concerns: bone marrow suppression and aplastic anemia in dogs

Question 8

NEED CARDS FOR SLIDES 12-21!

Question 9

What category of contraception are these:
Zinc gluconate
Calcium chloride
Chlorhexidine digluconate
Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide
Hypertonic saline

Answer 9

Chemical sterilants

Question 10

Concern with IUDs

Answer 10

Potential foreign body reaction resulting in uterine pathology

Question 11

How does gene silencing work?

Answer 11

Identify gene within the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis that is required for fertility and selectively silence with minimal off-target effects and maintained for the life span of the animal

Question 12

Canine oocyte fertilization occurs in the ___.
Canine embryo develops to blastocyst in the ___.
___ administration after the mating impair the oocyte migration in the ___. (Mismating shot)

Answer 12

Uterine tube
Uterine tube
Estrogen, uterine tube

Question 13

Canine Pregnancy Overview

Day 0:
Day 2:
Day 4:
______

Answer 13

Day 0: LH surge
Day 2: Ovulation
Day 4: Maturation
Fertilization

Question 14

After fertilization, the pregnancy is maintained by _____.

The main luteotropins in the second half of pregnancy are ____.

Answer 14

After fertilization, the pregnancy is maintained by the progesterone produced by the corpora lutea.

The main luteotropins in the second half of pregnancy are LH and prolactin.

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

SLIDES 33-36

Question 17

CASE EXAMPLE

9 month old Pitbull - healthy, BAR
Accidentally mated with another Pitbull - pregnancy diagnosis via ultrasound
Owners potentially want to breed her in the future

Possible treatment and precautions:

Answer 17

Since we don’t have Aglepristone as an option:

PGF2a cloprostenol (SQ every 48 hrs) and cabergoline PO (1/day)

Watch for side effects for at least 30 minutes in hospital before releasing the patient.
This patient vomited 10 minutes after the injection and at home after the cabergoline administration.