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Geography > Theme 3 - Tourism > Flashcards

Theme 3 - Tourism Flashcards

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1
Q

definitions

tourism

A

travel for recreation, leisire, religious, family or business purposes

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2
Q

definitions

tourist

A

a person travelling

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3
Q

definitions

international tourist

A

a tourist travelling across national borders

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4
Q

definitions

domestic tourist

A

a tourist travelling within a country

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5
Q

definitions

long-haul

A

a journey that takes over 6 hours

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6
Q

definitions

short-haul

A

a journey that takes less than 6 hours

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7
Q

why has tourism grown?

A
  • media has promoted it
  • transportation improvements mean it’s readily available to many
  • new middle class NICs provide locations
  • rise in incomes - more people can afford it
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8
Q

global tourism patterns

factors affecting number of tourists

A
  • remoteness
  • ‘safety’ reputation
  • natural disasters
  • global events (e.g. Olympics)
  • growth of NICs
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9
Q

advantages/disadvantages of tourism

economic advantages to host country

A
  • multiplier effect
  • tax revenue
  • growth in skilled jobs
  • growth in tertiary sector
  • diversifies economy
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10
Q

definitions

FDI

A

foreign direct investment

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11
Q

advantages/disadvantages of tourism

economic disadvantages to host country

A
  • seasonal employment
  • low-paid, low-skilled work
  • glass ceiling effect
  • package holidays -> economic leakage
  • over dependence on tourism
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12
Q

definitions

economic leakage

A

when money generated by tourism is lost to other economies

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13
Q

advantages/disadvantages of tourism

social advantages to host country

A
  • encouraged pride in culture
  • global understanding of culture
  • infrastructure improvements
  • language skills
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14
Q

advantages/disadvantages of tourism

social disadvantages to host country

A
  • demonstration effect (copying tourists)
  • increase in land cost + house prices
  • encouragement of informal child labour
  • encourages bright light syndrome
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15
Q

advantages/disadvantages of tourism

environmental advantages to host country

A
  • motivation to maintain landscape
  • funding for conservation
  • tourists educated about issues
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16
Q

advantages/disadvantages of tourism

environmental disadvantages to host country

A
  • water shortages
  • carbon footprint from travel
  • footfall on honeypot sites
  • damage to physical environment (e.g. coral reefs)
17
Q

definitions

honeypot sites

A

places with special interest or appeal that are very popular with visitors and which tend to be overcrowded at peak times

18
Q

definitions

overtourism

A

when a destination receives too many visitors, which negatively impacts the quality of life for locals and the experience for visitors

19
Q

sustainable tourism

advantages of sustainable tourism

A
  • restricted number of visitors
  • education about local issues
  • use of local produce
  • local employment
  • limits damage to wildlife
  • reduces noise pollution
  • reduces footpath erosion
20
Q

definitions

sustainable tourism

A

tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities

21
Q

definitions

ecotourism

A

nature-based tourism that aims to preserve the environment and improve the well-being of local people

22
Q

sustainable tourism

restrictions of sustainable tourism

A
  • expensive for tourists
  • caps tourist numbers
  • limits ability to diversify market
23
Q

reasons for growth of tourism

A
  • population increase
  • education & awareness of other countries
  • cheaper transport - budget airlines e.g. scoot
  • changes in politics: now much safer to travel
  • development of the aviation industry, travel is more efficient
  • more disposable income - more people can afford to travel
24
Q

definitions

international tourism

A

tourism that crosses national borders

25
Q

definitions

domestic tourism

A

tourism that involves travelling within the same country

26
Q

definitions

mass tourism

A

a large number of organised tourists travelling to popular holiday destinations for recreation

27
Q

definitions

package holidays

A

a holiday planned entirely by a travel agent at an all inclusive price

28
Q

CASE STUDY: Tourism in JAMAICA

Introduction

A
  • 3rd largest island in the caribbean sea
  • attractive tourist destination: beaches, food, vibrant culture
29
Q

CASE STUDY: Tourism in JAMAICA

Positive Impacts

A
  • tourism brings jobs -> 175,000 direct & 354,000 indirect
  • new infrastructure (hotels, airports)
  • 20.6% employed from tourism industry
  • local farms sell produce: sugarcane, citrus etc
  • national parks developed
  • improvement in sewage, water & garbage collection
30
Q

CASE STUDY: Tourism in JAMAICA

Negative Impacts

A
  • the average tourist use 10 times more resources than the average local
  • loss of heritage, e.g. jamaican reggae music
  • economic leakage from all inclusive holidays
  • coral reefs damaged from watersports, e.g. jetskis
  • hotels damage visual landscape, e.g. Falmouth hotel
31
Q

CASE STUDY: Tourism in JAMAICA

Management

A

NATIONAL PARKS:
- $8 entry per person
- conservation of coral reefs
- Negril marine park has strict rules on number of people at a time -> avoids overcrowding

ECOTOURISM:
- landscaping in Montego bay aims to be more visually attractive
- strict control of hotel height -> avoids blockage of views
- reggae festival showcases jamaican culture
- locals run small hotels -> improved quality of life

Geography (16 decks)

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