Theme 3 - Industry Flashcards
definitions
manufacturing industries
ectors that convert raw materials into finished products using machinery, labor, and other tools
definitions
processing industries
businesses that prepare raw materials for further use or sale, rather than creating a final product
definitions
assembly industries
businesses that combine parts to create a final product
definitions
hi-tech industries
industries that use advanced technology and innovation to produce products with scientific and engineering qualities
definitions
specialisation
a country or region focusing on producing a specific good or service to gain efficiency
definitions
comparative advantage
the ability of a country, company, or individual to produce a good or service at a lower cost than others
factors that affect the ‘take off’ of an industry
- availability of inputs, processes
- demand of outputs
- infrastructure
- capital investment
- government policies
human factors affecting location of industry
- access to markets
- transportation costs
- skilled workforce
- cost of labour
- government policies
- capital investment
physical factors affecting location of industry
- room for expansion
- relief of land
- natural routes
- availability of raw materials
- reliability of supply (climate change)
definitions
footloose industry
n industry that can be located at any place without effect from factors of production such as resources, land, labour, and capital.
types of government policy
- decentralisation
- containterisation (definition here)
- special economic zones
reasons for industrial relocation
- exhaustion of raw materials
- fall in domestic market
- preferable wage elsewhere
- preferable environment elsewhere
CASE STUDY: Pakistan Steel
Introduction
- set up in 1973
- owned by government of Pakistan
- located in Karachi
CASE STUDY: Pakistan Steel
physical factors affecting location
- flat, cheap land
- raw materials: limestone, water, iron from Hakli Hills
- Qasim has a natural harbour
CASE STUDY: Pakistan Steel
Human factors affecting location
- port qasim and karachi port can export steel
- labour is locally available - cheap and skilled
- railways and roads connect the area to the main road system
