Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Theme 1 - Settlement - Urban Settlements > Flashcards

Theme 1 - Settlement - Urban Settlements Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

urban

A

a built-up area like a town or city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

rural

A

a countryside area with a low population density and lots of open space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

traits of the CBD

A
  • multi storey buildings
  • expensive land
  • high building density
  • lack of open space
  • shops, such as department stores
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

traits of the industrial inner city / twilight zone

A
  • used to be factories, now have been relocated to suburbs
  • terraced housing
  • low cost housing
  • low order goods and services
  • poorest urban population
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

traits of the inner suburbs

A
  • semi detached housing
  • tree lined streets
  • bay windows
  • front and back windows
  • back gardens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

traits of working class housing

A
  • on cheap land
  • old 20th century terraced housing
  • poor building quality
  • high building density

inner city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

traits of middle class housing

suburbs

A
  • semi detached
  • front and back gardens
  • garages
  • bay windows
  • balconies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

traits of high class housing

A
  • better quality housing
  • larger gardens
  • larger houses
  • detahced
  • double garages
  • low building density
  • high cost housing

rural-urban fringe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

traits of the rural-urban fringe

A
  • detached housing
  • front and back gardens
  • off street parking
  • more open space
  • high cost housing
  • golf courses and farms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

burgess model

concentric model

A
  • concentric
  • states all settlements grow outwards from the CBD
  • in rings, equally in all directions
  • core -> inner city ring -> suburban ring -> urban fringe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hoyt model

sector model

A
  • developed after introduction of public transport routes
  • claimed that land develops in sectors along main transport routes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ullman and harris model

multiple nuclei model

A
  • most similar to a modern city
  • multiple central areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

greenfield site

A

previously undeveloped sites on the edges of cities, when they are developed on this is urban sprawl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

brownfield site

A

derelict manufacturing sites that can be redeveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

greenbelt / green zone

A

a protected area of undeveloped or agricultural land that surrounds a town or city

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

redevelopment

A

buildings are demolished and replaced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

gentrification

A

the process where a poor urban area is changed by wealthier people moving in:

  • improving housing
  • attracting new businesses
  • displacing current inhabitants in the process.
18
Q

housing density

A

the number of dwellings or residential units in a specific geographic area or on a particular site

19
Q

multiple deprivation

A

a measure of the relative lack of access to services and consumer items in a given area

20
Q

urban decay

A

the deterioration and decline of urban areas, often characterized by dilapidated buildings, infrastructure, and social problems.

21
Q

urban problems

air pollution causes

A

the exhaust of cars and factories

22
Q

urban problems

causes of noise pollution

A

the noise from cars, construction sites

23
Q

urban problems

causes of water pollution

A

industrial discharges, residential wastewater, trash, traffic

24
Q

urban problems

causes of poor aesthetics / urban decay

A
  • population loss
  • lack of investment
  • poor urban planning -> neglected spaces
  • economic decline
  • suburbanisation
  • urban-rural migration
25
Q

urban problems

problems with out of town shopping centres

A

can cause traffic congestion and overcrowding in areas that cannot manage it

26
Q

literacy rate

A

The proportion of the adult population aged 15 years and over which is literate

27
Q

doctors per 1000

A

the number of practicing physicians per 1,000 residents in a country

28
Q

solutions to urban problems

greener transport

A

electric vehicles and public transport, helping to reduce pollution and global warming

29
Q

solutions to urban problems

urban greening

A

the incorporation of green spaces and elements into urban environments and infrastructure, such as streets, cities, roofs and walls

30
Q

CASE STUDY: Land use by zone and effect of changes in BRISTOL

Introduction

A
  • One of the UK’s core 10 cities
  • Near border of South Wales
  • 2.5 hours from London on train
  • currently population 440,500
  • expected to reach 500,000 by 2030
31
Q

CASE STUDY: Land use by zone and effect of changes in BRISTOL

Causes

A
  • WW2: Avonmouth + Royal Potbury ports bombed
  • 40% of inner city is covered in railway tracks
  • New arena seating 4,000 built to attract events
  • out-of-town shopping centre Cribbs Causeway has reduced city pedestrians
  • railway line to London has been electrified due to pollution
32
Q

CASE STUDY: Land use by zone and effect of changes in BRISTOL

Impacts

A
  • made a name for itself in art and animation e.g. banksy + wallace & gromit
  • integration of electric trains and cycle routes
  • 30% of city is now green space
  • 9000 jobs created due to green economy
  • airport ‘poo bus’ runs on methane from human waste rather than fossil fuels
  • won Europe’s green capital award in 2015
33
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Challenges in BRISTOL

Introduction

A
  • One of the UK’s core 10 cities
  • Near border of South Wales
  • 2.5 hours from London on train
  • currently population 440,500
  • expected to reach 500,000 by 2030
34
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Challenges in BRISTOL

Causes

A
  • suffered deindustrialisation in 50s-80s due to loss of facilities in WW2
  • WW2: Lost 3,200 homes and 1,800 were damaged
  • surrounding green space is protected, so cannot be built on as greenfield sites
  • 2016-2019: Bristol had highest traffic congestion in the UK
35
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Challenges in BRISTOL

Impacts

A
  • 200 premature deaths due to air pollution per year
  • Filwood (inner city area): high teenage pregnancy rate + 62% feel unsafe at night
  • Harry & Bradley Stoke suburban areas have increased flooding in the city
  • one of theyoungest and most multicultural populations in the UK
  • average age bristol: 32.4
  • average age UK: 40.3
36
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Challenges in BRISTOL

Responses

A
  • Queen’s square converted from dual carriageway to cycle paths
  • fleet of 77 poo buses around the city -> reducing fossil fuels
  • 2022: safer streets funding in Hartcliffe for CCTV cameras and better street lighting
37
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Sprawl in BRISTOL

Introduction

A
  • One of the UK’s core 10 cities
  • Near border of South Wales
  • 2.5 hours from London on train
  • currently population 440,500
  • expected to reach 500,000 by 2030
38
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Sprawl in BRISTOL

Causes

A
  • limited in directions due to Cotswolds, Mendip Hills + River Avon
  • 1,200 new houses built at Harry Stoke, 2,000 more planned
  • Cribbs Causeway out of town shopping centre built at M4 and M5 junction
  • little control over sprawl as 95% of its greenbelt is controlled by external authorities
39
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Sprawl in BRISTOL

Impacts

A
  • 2016-2019: second highest rate of congestion in UK
  • 200 premature deaths due to air pollution
  • Cabot Circus, a CBD shopping centre, stuggles to compete with Cribbs Causeway
  • Bristol has a young population (avg 32.4 yrs) due to lack of family housing available
40
Q

CASE STUDY: Urban Sprawl in BRISTOL

Responses

A
  • Investment in green transport to reduce air pollution
  • Yobikes are 1 pound per day to rent
  • 30,000 homes planned to be built on greenfield sites
  • inner city is being redeveloped to attract young people to live on brownfield sites
  • new bristol arena is on a brownfield site -> expected to create 580 jobs

Geography (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions