The war ends Flashcards
What did Johnson say on 6 April 1956?
explained his reason for rolling thunder in NV
he said USA wanted peace and was ready to negotiate at any time but said an independent south Vietnam must be part of any peace settlement
What did NV say in response to Johnson?
on 8 April they said the reunification of Vietnam(Geneva accords) must be part of any settlement
What were the barriers to agreement?
whether to unite Vietnam
ho to unite Vietnam
who would govern south Vietnam
troops withdrawal on both sides
How did Nixon pressure NV to agree to peace?
continue: official negotiations secret negotiations process of Vietnamisation fighting and bombing meeting with ussr and china negotiating an end to the war
How did Nixon actions affect NV?
NV had the possibility of losing the support of china and USSR who had begun to make peace
What problems did Nixon face?
Congress was cutting funding
opposition to war was rising
When did the talks begin/What happened?
8 October 1972
USA and NV produced an agreement HOWEVER Thieu(SV gov) refused to sign it because he has no part in it
NV accused USA of using SV refusal to back out of the agreement so nothing was signed
What did USA do when the talks was a fail?
Resumed heavy bombing on NV
Nixon persuaded Thieu to come to the talks by promising an immediate delivery to weapons,supplies and aid as well as yearly supplies
Nixon encouraged China and USSR to press NV for agreement
When did the talks re-start?
8 January 1973
What was agreed at the Paris Peace Accords?
all countries too accept Vietnam as a single country
Reunification to be by negotiations and agreement with no out side interference. New gov to be elected with international supervision
*A ceasefire to begin including both SV gov
both SV gov armies to remain and no more US aid to ARVN
US troops,equipment and advisers to be withdrawn and military base to be dismantled in 60 days
What was agreed at the Paris Peace Accords?
P2
US gov could not interfere with Vietnam polices
Prisoners of war and captured equipment on both sides to be exchanged withing 60 days
USA to give aid for reconstruction in North and South Vietnam
What was the significance of PPA in USA?
23 March 1973 officially on 150 marines in SV guarding US embassy however 10,000 US military advise became civilian advise and were in Vietnam
congress cut military funding to SV
ARVN badly supplies
What was the significance of PPA in SV?
economy collapsed du to reduction in US aid and loss of income
Thieu did not make the Gov more democratic or replace corrupt official’s so VC were soon strong
Thieu policy was not to work with communist
What was the significance of PPA in NV?
became impatient with Thieu refusal to negotiate
they sent supplies and troops down Ho Chi Minh trail and launched a new attack on December 1974
ARVN could not cope.US did not support South
fall of Saigon 30 April 1975
How did war affect USA?
lost war to a much less industrialised and wealthy country and had both fought the war and left the south making them ashamed
growing lack of trust between Americans and their gov
