The situation on Elizabeth's accession

Question 1

What was the hierarchy in society in 1558?

Answer 1

• nobility
• gentry
• yeomen-men who owned small amounts of land
• tenant farmers-famed rented land which was owned by yeomen or gentry.
• landless/labouring poor
• vagrants/homeless

Question 2

What was the hierarchy in occupation in 1558?

Answer 2

• Wealthy merchants
• Professionals
• Skilled craftsmen
• Craftsmen-skilled employees, apprentices
• Unskilled labours

Question 3

What was the role of the court?

Answer 3

Entertain/advise the monarch
display of wealth and power
Courtiers(people who lived with the monarch for most of their life)had influence with the monarch then actual power

Question 4

Who were the privy council?

Answer 4

Privy council were made up of leading courtiers, advisers, noble and very senior government officials
there were 19 members and they met 3 times a week
monarch had took charge and always attended

Question 5

What did parliament do?

Answer 5

grant extra taxation(more money for unexpected expenses such as WAR)
passed laws
offered advice to the monarchs

Question 6

Who was a Lord Lieutenant/what were they roles?

Answer 6

They were members of the nobility and the privy council.
ROLE:
In charge of raising the local militia (military force of ordinary people used in an emergency)
overseeing country defence
part of local government

Question 7

Who were the justice of the peace/What were they roles?

Answer 7

They were large land owners who kept law and order in their local area. The JPs were unpaid and reported to the privy council this was a job of status
ROLE:
heard county court cases every 3 months for more serous cases
to make sure social and economic polices were carried out

Question 8

What was the monarch role

Answer 8

declare war and make peace
call and dismiss parliament and agree or reject any laws
rule in some legal cases
grant titles, land money jobs

Question 9

Who was the secretary of state?

Answer 9

most important privy councillor was the secretary of state he advised the queen on matters important to the Crown(monarch and government)

Question 10

What does ROYAL PREROGATIVE&PROCLAMATIONS mean?

Answer 10

ROYAL PREROGATIVE-some areas only the monarch had right to decide
PROCLAMTIONS-Queen could issue direct orders

Question 11

Why did some people say Elizabeth is illegitimate?

Answer 11

Because she wasn’t born in wedlock as henry the 8 and Anne Boleyn had Elizabeth 1 before they were married.
in 1536 Anne was executed for treason and Henry declared Elizabeth was illegitimate to the throne but he then reversed his decision

Question 12

What were the pros of marriage?

Answer 12

• her husband could fulfil the role of military leader

- having children will ensure England’s stability and there will be no conflict of who will own the throne

Question 13

Why did many people believe Elizabeth couldn’t rule?

Answer 13

because of Mary 1 she:

• had married king Phillip 2 of Spain this was unpopular and caused a rebellion
• Mary burned almost 300 people for their religious beliefs.
• England finances were poor, several bad harvests.

Question 14

What was Elizabeth strength?

Answer 14

-she spoke many language’s we was well educated and had a good grasp of politics. She was prisoner in 1554 for being accused of treason against Mary 1 so she understood the dangerous world.

Question 15

How did monarchs raise money?

Answer 15

• rent and income from their own land
• taxes from trade
• loans

Question 16

Why was Elizabeth scared of France?

Answer 16

France was wealthier and had a large population
England was enemies with France and Scotland but France were allies with Scotland because Mary(Elizabeth cousin) was half French as she married Francis the heir of France.

Question 17

In what year did Mary of guise rule Scotland?

Answer 17

England and Scotland were constantly fighting
in 1558 Mary mother Mary of Guise was ruling Scotland and had French troops stationed there.
Mary queen of scots declared herself as the legitimate to the England throne

Question 18

Why did Elizabeth want Calais back?

Answer 18

England was a protestant country and Spain and France were roman catholic this divisions caused conflict in Europe so there was a chance Spain and France would unite and attack England

Question 19

How long did England have Calais and what was it used for?

Answer 19

England had French port of Calais since 1347 this was useful for military base.

Question 20

In what year did the treaty of cateau Cambresis end

Answer 20

1550 England sided with Spain in a war against France

1559 the treaty of Cateau Cambresis had ended and England had to return Calais to France.

Question 21

When did Mary become queen of France?

Answer 21

in 1559 when her husband became king Francis 11

Question 22

Why were the privy council annoyed at Elizabeth?

Answer 22

she took time to make decisions

Question 23

What are the cons of marriage?

Answer 23

• Men had authority of women and she would be side lined and have no power
• She would have to marry someone from Europe but he will always put his country first and England would be second

Question 24

What is patronage?

Answer 24

To provide someone with an important job however if the queen was displeased she could take it away. Other wealthy people could give patronage but the queen was the ultimate patron.

Question 25

What was parliament?

Answer 25

Parliaments was made up of the house of lords(bishops)and the house of commons. Parliament was called and dismissed by the monarch. Election were held before every new parliament but only some people could vote

Question 26

What did the privy council do?

Answer 26

debate current issues
make sure the monarchs final decisions were carried out
oversaw law, order, local government and security of
England
Monitored justices of the peace and proceeding of parliament

Question 27

Who were the court?

Answer 27

The court was a group of people who lived near the monarch
It was mostly made up of the member of the nobility they were the monarchs servants, friends and advisers
Attending court required the monarchs permission