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Bioscience 1 > The Urinary System > Flashcards

The Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

List the functions of the Urinary system

A
  • removal of wastes
  • regulates water and ion concentration
  • regulates blood pH
  • production of erythropoeitin (regulation of RBC production)
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2
Q

What is the outer region of the kidney called

A

Renal Cortex

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3
Q

What is the inner part of the kidney called

A

Renal Medulla

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4
Q

What is the function unit of the kidney

A

the Nephron

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5
Q

What are the 3 stages of Urine formation

A
  1. Glomerular filtration- fluids are forced from capillaries into renal capsule
  2. Tubular reabsorption- some solute return back to capillaries
  3. Tubular secretion- wastes are secreted in renal tubule from capillaries
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6
Q

Urinary System

Where does the majority of Tubular Reabsorption take place

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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7
Q

What causes urine’s yellow colour

A

Urochrome

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8
Q

Define: Micturition

A

voiding bladder

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9
Q

Name the organs of the urinary system

A

Kidneys
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra

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10
Q

Erythropoetin is secreted when there is…

A

decrease in blood oxygen levels

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11
Q

The regions of the Nephron under hormonal influence are

A
  • Loop of Henle

- Glomerulus

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12
Q

The region of the Nephron influenced by antidiuretic hormone for reabsorption of matter is…

A

Collecting duct

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13
Q

An increase in the permeability of the collecting duct to water is due to…

A

increased production of antidiuretic hormone

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14
Q

The filtrate in the glomerular capsule doe NOT contain

A

Protein

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15
Q

A decrease in sodium ions and water reabsorption would occur due to

A

atrial natriuretic peptide

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16
Q

What is the sequence from the formation of urine to its elimination

A
  1. Nephron
  2. Collecting duct
  3. Minor calyx
  4. Major calyx
  5. Ureter
  6. Urethra
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17
Q

Increased water and sodium reabsorption by aldosterone occurs in..

A

the collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule

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18
Q

Secretion of antidiuretic hormone would lead to

A

a decrease in urine output

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19
Q

The region of the spinal cord involved in micturition reflex is

A

sacral region

20
Q

What is a trigger for the initialisation of the micturition reflex

A

stretch of the bladder wall

21
Q

Describe: Glomerular filtration

A

the process whereby blood pressure forces water and other dissolved substances from the blood into the glomerular capsule

22
Q

The renal pyramids are located in the…

A

Renal Medulla

23
Q

An increase in urine output is due to…

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide

24
Q

Where does glomerular filtration take place

A

Renal corpuscle

25
Q

The renal corpuscle is made up of…

A

Glomerular capsule

Glomerulus

26
Q

The main solute present in normal urine is…

A

Urea

27
Q

During the micturition reflex, stimulation of the somatic motor neurons would result in…

A

contraction of the external urethral sphincter

28
Q

What is the major site where parathyroid hormone stimulates reabsorption of Ca

A

Distal convoluted tubule

29
Q

The kidney produce Renin when…

A

blood pressure decreases

30
Q

The glomerular capsule is continuous with..

A

the proximal convoluted tubule

31
Q

Atrial natiuretic peptide is released by…

A

Heart

32
Q

The descending limb of the loop of henle is most permeable to…

A

water

33
Q

Define the Function: Aldosterone

A

increase water reabsorption

34
Q

The process that mostly takes place in the proximal convoluted tubule is…

A

tubular reabsorption

35
Q

What is not normally a waste product secreted by the kidneys

A

Glucose

36
Q

The descending part of the Loop of Henle specifically reabsorbs only..

A

Water

37
Q

Which hormones is produced by the Posterior pituitary gland to increase water reabsorption by nephrons

A

Antidiuretic hormone

38
Q

The function of Aldosterone is to

A

increase water reabsorption

39
Q

The stage of urine formation that takes place n the renal corpuscle is…

A

Glomerular filtration

40
Q

The region of the spinal cord involved in the micturition reflex is..

A

Sacral region

41
Q

An increase in urine output would be due to which hormone

A

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

42
Q

Erythopoetin is secreted when there is a…

A

decrease in blood oxygen levels

43
Q

An increase in the permeability of the collecting duct to water is due to…

A

increase in production of antidiuretic hormone

44
Q

The kidneys are stimulated to produce Renin when..

A

the blood pressure decreases

45
Q

The renal corpuscle is made up of…

A

Glomerular capsule and Glomerulus

46
Q

Water is mostly reabsorbed in

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

Bioscience 1 (13 decks)

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