The Urinary System Flashcards
List the functions of the Urinary system
- removal of wastes
- regulates water and ion concentration
- regulates blood pH
- production of erythropoeitin (regulation of RBC production)
What is the outer region of the kidney called
Renal Cortex
What is the inner part of the kidney called
Renal Medulla
What is the function unit of the kidney
the Nephron
What are the 3 stages of Urine formation
- Glomerular filtration- fluids are forced from capillaries into renal capsule
- Tubular reabsorption- some solute return back to capillaries
- Tubular secretion- wastes are secreted in renal tubule from capillaries
Urinary System
Where does the majority of Tubular Reabsorption take place
Proximal convoluted tubule
What causes urine’s yellow colour
Urochrome
Define: Micturition
voiding bladder
Name the organs of the urinary system
Kidneys
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Erythropoetin is secreted when there is…
decrease in blood oxygen levels
The regions of the Nephron under hormonal influence are
- Loop of Henle
- Glomerulus
The region of the Nephron influenced by antidiuretic hormone for reabsorption of matter is…
Collecting duct
An increase in the permeability of the collecting duct to water is due to…
increased production of antidiuretic hormone
The filtrate in the glomerular capsule doe NOT contain
Protein
A decrease in sodium ions and water reabsorption would occur due to
atrial natriuretic peptide
What is the sequence from the formation of urine to its elimination
- Nephron
- Collecting duct
- Minor calyx
- Major calyx
- Ureter
- Urethra
Increased water and sodium reabsorption by aldosterone occurs in..
the collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule
Secretion of antidiuretic hormone would lead to
a decrease in urine output
The region of the spinal cord involved in micturition reflex is
sacral region
What is a trigger for the initialisation of the micturition reflex
stretch of the bladder wall
Describe: Glomerular filtration
the process whereby blood pressure forces water and other dissolved substances from the blood into the glomerular capsule
The renal pyramids are located in the…
Renal Medulla
An increase in urine output is due to…
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Where does glomerular filtration take place
Renal corpuscle
The renal corpuscle is made up of…
Glomerular capsule
Glomerulus
The main solute present in normal urine is…
Urea
During the micturition reflex, stimulation of the somatic motor neurons would result in…
contraction of the external urethral sphincter
What is the major site where parathyroid hormone stimulates reabsorption of Ca
Distal convoluted tubule
The kidney produce Renin when…
blood pressure decreases
The glomerular capsule is continuous with..
the proximal convoluted tubule
Atrial natiuretic peptide is released by…
Heart
The descending limb of the loop of henle is most permeable to…
water
Define the Function: Aldosterone
increase water reabsorption
The process that mostly takes place in the proximal convoluted tubule is…
tubular reabsorption
What is not normally a waste product secreted by the kidneys
Glucose
The descending part of the Loop of Henle specifically reabsorbs only..
Water
Which hormones is produced by the Posterior pituitary gland to increase water reabsorption by nephrons
Antidiuretic hormone
The function of Aldosterone is to
increase water reabsorption
The stage of urine formation that takes place n the renal corpuscle is…
Glomerular filtration
The region of the spinal cord involved in the micturition reflex is..
Sacral region
An increase in urine output would be due to which hormone
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Erythopoetin is secreted when there is a…
decrease in blood oxygen levels
An increase in the permeability of the collecting duct to water is due to…
increase in production of antidiuretic hormone
The kidneys are stimulated to produce Renin when..
the blood pressure decreases
The renal corpuscle is made up of…
Glomerular capsule and Glomerulus
Water is mostly reabsorbed in
Proximal convoluted tubule
