The structure of the skeleton Flashcards
5 functions of the skeleton
Support
Movement
Protection
Storage
Red blood cell formation
2 types of bone tissue
Compact bone
Cancellous bone
Strong bone, good at transmitting force in ONE direction
Compact bone
Light and spongey bone, shock absorbing, resists and channels forces that come from MULTIPLE directions
Cancellous bone
Red marrow when young
Lots of red marrow in bones, constantly forming red blood cells
These bones are found in all long bones as they take weight
Compact bones
Red marrow when older
Red marrow starts to change to yellow fatty marrow, less red blood cell production
Force comes into ends of these bones at all angles
Cancellous bones
List the 4 bone classes
Long bones
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
These bones are longer than they are wide
Long bones
This bone class is close to equal width and length
Short bones
This bone class acts as levers for movement
Long bones
This bone class weight bares from multiple directions
Short bones
Which bones are hands and feet mostly made up of and why?
Cancellous bone as they take a lot of weight and require shock absorbing
This bone class is mostly flat, but not completely with a thin flat surface
Flat bones
This bone class provides large surface area for muscle attachment as well as protects things like scapula, cranium and sternum
Flat bones
This bone class has various shapes and functions which often occur at the same time
Irregular bones
This bone class often have forimina (holes)
Irregular bones
List the divisions of the verterbral column
Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacrum and Coccyx
Radius rotates over ulna
Pronation
Radius and ulna are parallel
Supination
How do the limbs attatch to the axial skeleton?
Pectoral girdle and Pelvic girdle
What class of bone is a rib?
Flat
Why is cancellous bone good at shock absorbing?
Because it has a structure made up of multidirectional struts
