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HUBS191 > Bone tissue and its microscopic structure > Flashcards

Bone tissue and its microscopic structure Flashcards

1
Q

Which kind of tissue is bone tissue made up of?

A

Connective tissue

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2
Q

Bone tissue function

A

Supports other tissues/organs
Maintains form

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3
Q

Bones 2 extracellular components

A

Organic
Inorganic

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4
Q

What is the organic component of the bone structure made up of?

A

Organic molecules

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5
Q

What is the inorganic component of the bone structure made up of?

A

Minerals

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6
Q

Which percentage of the ECM is made up of the organic component

A

33%

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7
Q

What does the organic component contain?

A

Collagen

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8
Q

Allows us to have force come in and gives us flexability

A

Collagen fibres

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9
Q

Importance of organic component

A

Being flexible and being able to bounce back and not break bones when force is applied

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10
Q

Which characteristic do protein molecules have and how does it help us?

A

Protein molecules are flexible so they allow us to put pressure on the bones without them shattering

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11
Q

What would happen if a bones collagen was removed?

A

The bone would become brittle and break easily

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12
Q

Which percentage of the ECM is made up of the inorganic component?

A

67%

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13
Q

What is the function of minerals in the inorganic component in the bone tissue?

A

Makes bones hard and resistant to compression

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14
Q

What would our bones be like if we only had the organic parts of it?

A

Our bones would not be useful as they would be very bendy and too flexible

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15
Q

Which 4 types of cells make up the cellular component of bone?

A

Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts

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16
Q

Together, these 4 cells do what?

A

Maintain bone homeostasis

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17
Q

Define bone homeostasis

A

Balance of bone destruction and formation, that means amount of bone stays the same

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18
Q

This bone cell produces osteoblasts

A

Osteogenic cells

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19
Q

This bone cell produces new bone matrix

A

Osteoblasts

20
Q

This bone cell recycles protein and minerals from matrix

A

Osteocytes

21
Q

This bone cell removes bone matrix

A

Osteoclasts

22
Q

What is compact bone composed of?

A

Osteon structure

23
Q

What is cancellous bone composed of?

A

Trabecular structure

24
Q

What is the compact bone structure like microscopically?

A

Made up of circumferential lamallae and units called osteons

25
Q

Why are there foramina/holes in compact bone?

A

For blood supply

26
Q

Longitudal unit within compact bone

A

Osteon

27
Q

Provides a pathway for nutrients to get in the ECM

A

Osteon

28
Q

4 key parts of an osteon

A

Central canal
Lamallae
Lacunae
Canaliculi

29
Q

Contains blood vessels and nerves

A

Central canal

30
Q

A series of cylinders formed of ECM around the central canal

A

Lamallae

31
Q

Lakes for osteocytes

A

Lacunae

32
Q

Channels for osteocytes through ECM

A

Canaliculi

33
Q

What is the cancellous bone like microsopically?

A

Made of branching bone structuree going in all different directions

34
Q

Explain how/why canaliculi can open to let in nutrients

A

They have a thin, delicate structure so it is easy for them to get nutrients from outside

35
Q

What fills the cavities between the trabeculae in cancellous bone?

A

Marrow

36
Q

What is the purpose of trabecular bone in cancellous bone?

A

Organisation of trabculae resists force from multiple directions and directs force from body weight in single direction down shaft

37
Q

Outline weight transmission from upper - lower body

A

Trabaculae channel weight around the ilia into femora

38
Q

Allows bone to grow - appositional growth

A

Bone remodelling

39
Q

Osteoblasts role in bone remodelling

A

Add bone matrix in lamallae to bone surface

40
Q

Osteoclasts role in bone remodelling

A

Remove bone from medullary cavity

41
Q

Balance of OB and OC activity

A

Bone homeostasis

42
Q

Purpose of bone homeostasis

A

Allows body to mobilise calcium, phosphate and other minerals from bone matrix

43
Q

Define remodelling

A

Osteoblasts building
Osteocytes destroying
To make sure that the amount of bone stays the same

44
Q

What are the bodies requirements to maintain homeostasis?

A

Adequate calcium in diet
Moderate exercise

45
Q

Without adequate calcium in diet and moderate exercise, this can cause what?

A

Imbalance in osteoblastic/osteoclastic activity

46
Q

Normal bone compact bone vs osteoporotic bone compact bone

A

Normal = strong and dense
Osteoporotic = thin and weak

47
Q
A

HUBS191 (32 decks)

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