Lecture 32 - Innate immunity ll

Question 1

What type of immune responses is the inflammatory response?

Answer 1

Innate

Question 2

What is the overall process of the inflammatory response?

Answer 2

Chemical signals from tissue attract more cells, mature neutrophils enter blood from marrow, blood vessels dilate so neutrophils can squeeze through to injury

Question 3

Where do mature neutrophils for the inflammatory response originate?

Answer 3

Bone marrow

Question 4

What are the overall steps in phagocytosis?

Answer 4

Phagocyte adheres to pathogen, forms pseudopod that engulfs particle and forms a phagosome, phagosome fuses with lysosome to form phagolysosome to break down pathogen.

Question 5

What component of a phagocyte initially engulf particles at the cell surface, and what do they form?

Answer 5

Pseudopods on the cell surface form phagosomes/phagocytic vesicles inside the cell.

Question 6

How are phagolysosomes formed?

Answer 6

A lysosome fuses with a phagocytic vesicle/phagosome.

Question 7

How do phagolysosomes destroy pathogens?

Answer 7

By using toxic compounds, an acidic environment and lysosomal enzymes

Question 8

What toxic compounds do phagolysosomes use to destroy pathogens?

Answer 8

Reactive oxygen (hydrogen peroxide) and reactive nitrogen (nitric oxide)

Question 9

What form of reactive oxygen is found in phagolysosomes?

Answer 9

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 10

What form of reactive nitrogen is found in phagolysosomes?

Answer 10

Nitric oxide