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HUBS191 > Bone growth joints: tissues and structures > Flashcards

Bone growth joints: tissues and structures Flashcards

1
Q

Cells that make bone tissues

A

Osteoblasts

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2
Q

Cells that break down bone tissues

A

Osteoclasts

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3
Q

Cells that chill and hang out

A

Osteocytes

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4
Q

Turn into bone

A

Ossify

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5
Q

Cartilage into bone

A

Ossification

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6
Q

DFCT

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue

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7
Q

Key soft tissues

A

Cartilage
Dense fibrous connective tissue

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8
Q

Bones articulate at…

A

Joints

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9
Q

Building bone outwards

A

Appositional growth

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10
Q

Holds bones together
Involves bone ends
Involves soft tissues
Allows control of movement

A

Joints

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11
Q

Job to connect bones together

A

All connective tissues

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12
Q

Found where bones meet and move against each other

A

Hyaline cartilage

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13
Q

Endochondral ossification

A

Process of turning cartilage into bone

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14
Q

Briefly explain the steps of endochondral ossification

A
  1. Blood vessels and osteoblasts external
  2. Blood vessels and osteoblasts internal
  3. Primary ossification centre developed
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15
Q

Primary ossification center

A

Diaphysis (shaft)

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16
Q

Secondary ossification centre

A

Epiphyses

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17
Q

What is bone growth enabled by?

A

Growth plates

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18
Q

End part of long bone

A

Epiphyses

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19
Q

Shaft/central part of long bone

A

Diaphysis

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20
Q

Starting from puberty, what initially happens in bone growth?

A

Epiphyses start to fuse with diaphysis

21
Q

Once your bones have finished growing, what happens to your growth plates?

A

They will ossify

22
Q

Are there any growth plates in fully grown bones?

A

No

23
Q

Explain the role of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in appositional growth

A

Osteoblast activity produces circumferential lamallae and osteoclasts mould bone shape and form medullary cavity

24
Q

Hyaline (articular) cartilage function

A

Resists compression

25
Q

How does the hyaline (articular) cartilage resist compression

A

By lots of water in the ECM

26
Q

Moulds to surfaces of bones where they articulate

A

Hyaline cartilage

27
Q

Creates smooth surface = frictionless movement

A

Hyaline cartilage

28
Q

Fibrocartilage function

A

Resists compression and tension

29
Q

How come fibrocartilage resists compression AND tension, while hyaline cartilage only resists compression?

A

More collagen fibres

30
Q

Collagen fibres arranged in bundles along the lines where there is going to be a pull occurs in…

A

Fibrocartilage

31
Q

Connect bone to bone
Restrict movement away from themselves

A

Ligaments

32
Q

Ligament structure

A

Collagen and elastin

33
Q

Connect muscle to bone

A

Tendons

34
Q

Less elastin than ligaments

A

Tendons

35
Q

Sum of bone surfaces that form an articulation

A

Bony congruence

36
Q

Less congruence = ?

A

more soft tissue support needed

37
Q

Fibrous joints structure

A

Ligament

38
Q

Cartilaginous joints structure

A

Varies

39
Q

Fibrous joint function

A

Limit movement
Provide stability

40
Q

Cartilaginous joint function

A

Some movement

41
Q

Fibrous joint example

A

Cranial sutures

42
Q

Cartilaginous joint example

A

Pubic symphysis

43
Q

Joint with least amount of movement

A

Fibrous joints

44
Q

Ligaments hold bone together in what joint

A

Fibrous

45
Q

Joint with some movement

A

Cartilaginous joints

46
Q

Fibrocartilage holds bone together in what joint

A

Cartilaginous joints

47
Q

Joint with the most amount of movement

A

Synovial joints

48
Q
A

HUBS191 (32 decks)

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