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Anatomy > The Skull (Q3) > Flashcards

The Skull (Q3) Flashcards

1
Q

functions of bone/ the skeletal system

A

support, movement, protection, mineral storage, blood cell formation and energy storage, energy metabolism

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2
Q

bones that are longer than they are wide with a shaft and 2 distinct ends

A

long bone

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3
Q

bones that are roughly cube-shaped

A

short bone

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4
Q

type of short bone that forms within a tendon

A

sesamoid bone

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5
Q

examples of sesamoid bones

A

patella

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6
Q

functions of sesamoid bones

A

change pulling direction or reduce friction of the tendon

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7
Q

thin flattened bones

A

flat bone

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8
Q

example of flat bone

A

cranial bones, ribs and sternum

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9
Q

bones that do not fit in the other 3 categories

A

irregular bone

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10
Q

example of irregular bones

A

vertebrae and hip bones

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11
Q

structural unit of spongy bones

A

trabecula

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12
Q

structural unit of compact bone

A

osteon

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13
Q

bone marrow that makes red blood cells

A

red bone marrow

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14
Q

bone marrow that serves as fat storage

A

yellow bone marrow

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15
Q

large structure in the middle of osteons where major blood vessels and nerves go through

A

osteonic canal

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16
Q

connect each osteon to each other

A

perforation canals/ volkmann’s canals

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17
Q

round lamella that form the osteon

A

concentric lamellae

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18
Q

old concentric lamellae that’s been broken down found in between each osteon

A

interstitial lamellae

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19
Q

large lamellae that is found on the outside and inside of the osteon

A

circumferential lamellae

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20
Q

bone cell responsible for maintaining bone

A

osteocyte

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21
Q

space that houses osteocytes

A

lacunae

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22
Q

groves that connect lacunae

A

canaliculi

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23
Q

function of canaliculi

A

connect osteocytes to transport nutrients and information

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24
Q

stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts

A

osteoprogenitor cells

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25
Q

bone matrix seceted by osteoblasts

A

osteoid

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26
Q

osteoblasts that no longer produces ostoid

A

osteocyte

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27
Q

responsible for the reabsorption of bone

A

osteoclast

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28
Q
A

frontal bone

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29
Q

a

A

supraorbital foramen/notch

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30
Q

b

A

zygomatic process

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31
Q
A

anterior cranial fossa

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32
Q
A

frontal sinuses

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33
Q
A

glabella

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34
Q

id bones

A

parietal bones

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35
Q
A

parietal bones

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36
Q
A

sagittal suture

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37
Q
A

coronal suture

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38
Q
A

lambdoid suture

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39
Q
A

squamous suture

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40
Q

bone that could be enclosed within lambdoid suture

A

wormian bones

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41
Q
A

wormian/ sutural bone

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42
Q
A

occipital bone

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43
Q

a

A

external occipital protuberence

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44
Q

b

A

superior nuchal line

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45
Q

c

A

inferior nuchal line

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46
Q

a

A

foramen magnum

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47
Q

c

A

condylar fossa

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48
Q

b

A

occipital condyle

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49
Q

a

A

posterior cranial fossa

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50
Q

b

A

hypoglossal canal

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51
Q
A

temporal bones

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52
Q

a

A

zygomatic arch of squamous region

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53
Q

b

A

mandibular fossa of squamous region

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54
Q

c

A

styloid process of tympanic region

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55
Q

d

A

external auditory canal/ meatus of tympanic region

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56
Q

e

A

mastoid process of mastoid region

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57
Q

a

A

stylomastoid foramen of mastoid region

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58
Q

b

A

mastoid foramen

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59
Q

c

A

middle cranial fossa of petrous region

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60
Q

a

A

jugular foramen

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61
Q

b

A

internal auditory/ acoustic canal

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62
Q

a

A

coratid canal

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63
Q

a

A

coratid canal

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64
Q

b

A

foramen lucerum

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65
Q

b

A

foramen lucerum

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66
Q
A

zygomatic arch

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67
Q
A

sphenoid bone

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68
Q
A

sphenoid bone

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69
Q

a

A

jugum sphenodale

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70
Q

b

A

tuberculum sellae

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71
Q

c

A

hypophyseal fossa

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72
Q

d

A

dorsum sellae

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73
Q

e

A

foramen ovale

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74
Q

f

A

foramen spinosum

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75
Q

a

A

anterior clinoid processes

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76
Q

b

A

posterior clinoid processes

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77
Q

c

A

lesser wings

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78
Q

d

A

greater wings

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79
Q

a

A

lateral pterygoid process of sphenoid bone

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80
Q

b

A

medial pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone

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81
Q

c

A

foramen ovale

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82
Q

d

A

foramen spinosum

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83
Q

a

A

foramen rotundum

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84
Q

b

A

optic canal

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85
Q

c

A

superior orbital fissure

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86
Q
A

sphenoid sinus

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87
Q
A

sphenoid sinus

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88
Q

collective term for dorsum sellae, hypophyseal fossa, and tuberculum sellae

A

sella turcica

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89
Q
A

ethmoid bone

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90
Q

a

A

cribriform plate

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91
Q

b

A

crista galli

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92
Q

a

A

middle nasal concha of ethmoid bone

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93
Q

b

A

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

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94
Q

a

A

middle nasal conchae

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95
Q

b

A

superior nasal conchae

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96
Q

a

A

crista galli

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97
Q

b

A

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

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98
Q

a

A

inferior orbital fissure

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99
Q

b

A

infraorbital foramen

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100
Q

c

A

teeth (sits in alveolus)

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101
Q

a

A

alveolar process

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102
Q

b

A

incisive foramen

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103
Q

c

A

palatine process of the maxilla

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104
Q

a

A

horizontal plate

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105
Q

b

A

greater palatine foramen

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106
Q

a

A

horizontal plate

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107
Q

b

A

perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

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108
Q

a

A

zygomatic arch

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109
Q

b

A

temporal process

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110
Q
A

nasolacrimal canal

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111
Q

a

A

left nasal bone

112
Q

b

A

left inferior nasal concha

113
Q

c

A

vomer bone

114
Q
A

vomer bone

115
Q

what is the collective name for the vomer bone and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone?

A

nasal septum

116
Q

a

A

condylar process

117
Q

b

A

coronoid process

118
Q

c

A

teeth in alveolus

119
Q

d

A

mental foramen

120
Q

a

A

condylar process

121
Q

b

A

coronoid process

122
Q

c

A

ramus

123
Q

d

A

mental foramen

124
Q

e

A

alveolar process

125
Q

id bone

A

mandible

126
Q

a

A

coronoid process

127
Q

b

A

condylar process

128
Q

c

A

mandibular foramina

129
Q

a

A

inferior orbital fissure

130
Q

b

A

zygomatic bone

131
Q

c

A

infraorbital foramen

132
Q

a

A

alveolar processes

133
Q

b

A

alveolus

134
Q

c

A

palatine process

135
Q

d

A

horizontal plate of the palatine bone

136
Q

e

A

incisive foramen of the maxilla

137
Q

f

A

greater palatine foramen

138
Q
A

maxillary sinus

139
Q

a

A

temporal process of zygomatic bone

140
Q

b

A

maxillary sinus of maxillary bone

141
Q

a

A

temporal process of zygomatic bone

142
Q

b

A

infraorbital foramen of maxillary bone

143
Q

a

A

middle nasal concha of the ethmoid bone

144
Q

b

A

inferior nasal conchae

145
Q

c

A

palatine process of maxillary bone

146
Q

a

A

crista galli of ethmoid bone

147
Q

b

A

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

148
Q

c

A

vomer bone

149
Q

d

A

tuberculum sellae of the sella turnica of sphenoid bone

150
Q

e

A

dorsum sellae of the sella turnica of the sphenoid bone

151
Q

f

A

hypophysial fossa of the sella turnica of the sphenoid bone

152
Q

g

A

sphenoidal sinus of the sphenoid bone

153
Q

a

A

superior nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone

154
Q

b

A

middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone

155
Q

c

A

inferior nasal conchae

156
Q

a

A

condylar process

157
Q

b

A

coronoid process

158
Q

c

A

alveolus

159
Q

d

A

mental foramen

160
Q

a

A

coronoid process

161
Q

b

A

condylar process

162
Q

c

A

mandibular foramen

163
Q

d

A

mental foramen

164
Q

e

A

ramus

165
Q

a

A

tooth

166
Q

b

A

alveolar process

167
Q

c

A

mental foramen

168
Q

d

A

alveolus

169
Q

a

A

inferior nasal concha

170
Q

b

A

palatine process of the maxilla

171
Q

c (bone)

A

mandible bone

172
Q

d

A

hyoid bone

173
Q

e

A

horizontal plate of the palatine bone

174
Q

a (bone)

A

nasal bone

175
Q

b

A

palatine process of maxilla

176
Q

c (bone)

A

mandible

177
Q

d

A

hyoid bone

178
Q

e

A

inferior nasal concha

179
Q

f

A

horizontal plate of palatine bone

180
Q

a

A

inferior nasal concha

181
Q

b

A

palatine process of maxilla

182
Q

c

A

horizontal plate of palatine bone

183
Q

a

A

lacrimal bone

184
Q

b

A

infraorbital foramen of maxilla

185
Q

c

A

nasal bone

186
Q

d

A

maxilla

187
Q

e

A

inferior nasal concha

188
Q

a

A

maxilla

189
Q

b

A

infraorbital foramen

190
Q

c

A

nasal bone

191
Q

d

A

inferior nasal concha

192
Q

e

A

vomer bone

193
Q

a

A

nasal bone

194
Q

b

A

vomer bone

195
Q

id bone

A

hyoid bone

196
Q

a

A

greater cornua

197
Q

b

A

lesser cornua

198
Q

a

A

frontal fontanelle/ anterior fontanelle

199
Q

b

A

metopic/ frontal suture

200
Q

c

A

occipital/posterior fontanelle

201
Q

a

A

sphenoid/ anterolateral fontanelle

202
Q

b

A

mastoid/ postlateral fontanelle

203
Q

which fontanelle are unpaired?

A

frontal and occipital (posterior and anterior)

204
Q

what type of tissue are sutures made up of

A

dense connective tissue (don’t know which)

205
Q

a

A

condylar process

206
Q

b

A

coronoid process

207
Q

c

A

ramus

208
Q

functions of clinoid processes

A

deepen the sella turcica and serve as points of attachment for the tentorium cerebelli

209
Q

a

A

olfactory nerve (cn i)

210
Q

b

A

optic nerve (cn ii)

211
Q

c

A

trochlear nerve (cn iv)

212
Q

d

A

trigeminal nerve (cn v)

213
Q

e

A

abducens nerve (cn vi)

214
Q

f

A

facial nerve (cn vii)

215
Q

g

A

vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii)

216
Q

a

A

oculomotor nerve (cn iii)

217
Q

b

A

trochlear nerve (cn iv)

218
Q

c

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix)

219
Q

d

A

vagus nerve (cn x)

220
Q

e

A

accessory nerve (cn xi)

221
Q

f

A

hypoglossal nerve (cn xii)

222
Q
A

lacriminal bones

223
Q
A

palatine bones

224
Q
A

maxillary bones

225
Q

id structure a and identify what goes through

A

cribriform plate with olfactory nerve (cn i) passing through

226
Q

id structure and what passes through

A

optic canal with optic nerve (cn ii) and ophthalmic artery passing through

227
Q

id structure and what passes through

A

superior orbital fissure with oculomotor nerve (cn iii), trochlear nerve (cn iv) ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve (cn v) and abducens nerve (cn vi) passing through

228
Q

id structure a and what passes through

A

foramen rotundum with maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (cn v) passing through

229
Q

id structure e and what passes through

A

foramen ovale with mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (cn v)

230
Q

id structure f and what passes through

A

foramen spinosum with middle meningeal artery passing through

231
Q

id structure b and what passes through

A

foramen lucerum; functionally closed with fibrocartilage in a living skull

232
Q

id structure a and what passes through

A

carotid canal with the internal carotid artery passing along the superior margin of foramen lucerum

233
Q

id structure b and what passes though

A

internal acoustic/ auditory canal with vestibulocochlear nerve (cn viii) and facial nerve (cn vii) entering the skull

234
Q

id structure a and what passes through

A

jugular foramen with glossopharyngeal nerve (cn ix), vagus nerve (cn x) and spinal motor and cranial motor components of accessory nerves (cn xi) as well as internal jugular vein passing through

235
Q

id structure a and what passes through

A

foramen magnum with vertebral arteries (rt. and lt.) and spinal motor component of the accessory nerve (cn xi) passing through

236
Q

landmark division between medulla oblongata and the spinal cord of the central nervous system

A

foramen magnum

237
Q

id structure b and what passes through

A

hypoglossal canal with hypoglossal nerve (cn xii) passing through

238
Q

id structure b and what passes through

A

infra-orbital foramen with maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (cn v)

239
Q

id structure d and what passes through

A

mental foramen with the mental nerve (a branch of the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve (cn v)) passing through

240
Q

id structure b and what passes through

A

incisive foramen with nasopalatine nerve passing through

241
Q

id c and what passes through

A

mandibular foramen with the inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve cn v) passing through

242
Q

id a and what passes through

A

stylomastoid foramen with facial nerve (cn vii) exiting the skull

243
Q

tiny holes in cribriform plate

A

olfactory foramina

244
Q

functions of sinuses

A

lighten skull; warm, moisten, and filter air

245
Q

what two bones could be affected by a cleft palate

A

maxillary and palatine

246
Q

left and right halves of the palate fail to join medially

A

cleft lip/ palate

247
Q

complications with cleft lip/ pallate

A

impaired ability to nurse and possibility of inhaling food in the nasal cavity possibly causing pnemonia

248
Q

procedure to repair and cleft palate

A

palatoplasty

249
Q

procedure to repair a cleft lip

A

rotation advancement repair

250
Q

risk factors of cleft lip/ palate

A

family history, diabetes, mom didn’t have enough folic acid during pregnancy

251
Q

off-center septum that can cause difficulty breathing or congestion

A

deviated nasal septum

252
Q

repair for deviated nasal septum

A

septoplasty

253
Q

infection spreading from throat to middle ear to the mastoid cells of the mastoid sinus

A

mastoiditis

254
Q

form of bone cancer in which a tumor erodes the medullary cavity of long bone and mestastasizes

A

osteosarcoma

255
Q

inflammation of the paranasal sinuses passage to the nasal cavity blocked by inflamed nasal mucosa to cause painful pressure

A

sinusitis

256
Q

most easily dislocated joint in the body

A

temporomandibular joint

257
Q

condylar process glides anteriorly to end up in the infratemporal fossa causing the jaw to be stuck open

A

temporomandibular joint syndrome

258
Q

fix for temporomandibular joint syndrome

A

physician puts their thumbs in between the lower molars and cheeks and pushes inferiorly and posteriorly

259
Q

surgery to remove part of the cranium in which small circular holes are drilled in a square and then sawed in between to gain access to the brain

A

craniotomy

260
Q

reasons why someone may have a craniotomy

A

removal of a brain tumor or blood clot

261
Q

a

A

osteon (haversian system)

262
Q

b

A

central canal/ osteonic canal

263
Q

c

A

concentric lamellae

264
Q

d

A

interstitial lamellae

265
Q

e

A

osteocyte

266
Q

f

A

lacunae

267
Q

g

A

canaliculus

268
Q

a

A

osteocyte

269
Q

b

A

lacunae

270
Q

c

A

canaliculi

271
Q

a

A

outer circumferential lamellae

272
Q

b

A

inner circumferential lamellae

273
Q

a

A

performating/ volkmann’s canal

274
Q

special type of flat bone found in the skull (sandwich)

A

diploe

275
Q

the internal lining of the esophagus and adult vagina

A

stratified squamous epithelium

Anatomy (20 decks)

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