The Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
ankyl/o
A
crooked, bent, stiff
2
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
3
Q
burs/o
A
bursa
4
Q
chondr/i, chondr/o
A
cartilage
5
Q
cost/o
A
rib
6
Q
crani/o
A
skull
7
Q
-desis
A
to bind, tie together
8
Q
kyph/o
A
bent, hump
9
Q
lord/o
A
curve, swayback, bent
10
Q
lumb/o
A
lumbar, lower back
11
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord, bone marrow,
12
Q
oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o
A
bone
13
Q
scoli/o
A
curved, bent
14
Q
spondyl/o
A
vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone
15
Q
synovi/o, synov/o
A
synovial membrane, synovial fluid,
16
Q
acetabulum
A
also known as the hip socket; the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint
17
Q
allogenic
A
originating within another
18
Q
ankylosing spondylitis
A
a type of arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
19
Q
arthrodesis
A
the surgical fusion (joining together) of two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder
20
Q
arthroscopy
A
visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using an arthroscope
21
Q
autologous
A
originating within an individual
22
Q
avascular necrosis
A
an area of bone tissue death caused by insufficient blood flow
23
Q
bone marrow transplant
A
a stem cell transplant used to treat certain types of cancers, such as leukemia and lymphomas
24
Q
callus
A
a bulging deposit that forms around the area of the break in a bone; also a thickening of the skin that is caused by repeated rubbing.
25
chondromalacia
abnormal softening of cartilage
26
comminuted fracture
a fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed
27
compression fracture
a fracture in which the bone is pressed together
28
costochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
29
crepitation
the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together
30
dual x-ray absorptiometry
a low-exposure radiography measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density
31
fat embolus
the release of fat cells from yellow bone marrow into the bloodstream when a long bone is fractured.
32
gout
a type of inflammatory arthritis characterized by deposits of urate crystals in the joints
33
hallux valgus
an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
34
hemarthrosis
blood within a joint
35
hematopoietic
pertaining to the formation of blood cells
36
internal fixation
fracture treatment in which pins or a plate are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place
37
juvenile idiopathic arthritis
an autoimmune disorder affecting children aged 16 years or younger, with symtoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue
38
kyphosis
an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side.
39
laminectomy
surgical removal of the lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra
40
lordosis
an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumber spine
41
lumbago
the general term for pain in the lumber region of the spine
42
malleolus
a rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint
43
manubrium
the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum
44
metacarpals
the five bones that form the palms of the hand
45
metatarsals
form that part of the foot to which the toes are attached to the
46
multiple myeloma
a type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells of the red bone marrow
47
open fracture
a fracture in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin
48
orthopedic surgeon
also known as an orthopedist; a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disease and disorders involving the bones, joints and muscles
49
orthotic
a mechanical appliance such as a shoe insert leg brace or a splint, which is specially designed to support, control, correct, or compensation for impaired limb function
50
osteitis
inflammation of a bone
51
osteoarthritis
the type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging
52
osteochondroma
a benign bony projection covered with cartilage
53
osteomalacia
abnormal softening of bone in adults
54
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
55
osteopenia
thinner-than-average bone density
56
osteoporosis
a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging
57
osteoporotic hip fracture
a fracture of a hip weakened by osteoporosis that can occur spontaneously or as the result of a fall
58
Paget's disease
a chronic bone disease of unknown cause, characterized by abnormal breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation
59
pathologic fracture
a fracture that occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain
60
percutaneous vertebroplasty
treatment of osteoporosis-related compression fractures by injecting bone cement to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column
61
podiatrist
specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot
62
polymyalgia rheumatica
an inflammatory disorder of the muscles and joints characterized by pain and stiffness in the neck shoulders, upper arms, and hips and thighs
63
prosthesis
a substitute for a diseased or missing body part
64
radiculopathy
a condition caused by the compression of a nerve in the spine; also called a pinched nerve
65
rheumatoid arthritis
a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked
66
rickets
a deficiency disease occurring in children involving defective bone grouth due to vitamin D deficiency
67
scoliosis
an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
68
spina bifida
a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy in which the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it
69
spinal stenosis
is a narrowing of the spaces within the spine, potentially putting pressure on the nerves and spinal cord that may cause pain
70
spiral fracture
a fracture in which the bone had been twisted apart
71
spondylolisthesis
the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumber vertebrae on the vertebra below it
72
spondylosis
a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function
73
subluxation
the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
74
synovectomy
surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint, usually the knee
75
vertebrae
bony structural units of the spinal column
