Reproductive System Flashcards
cervic/o
cervix (neck of the uterus)
colp/o
vagina
-gravida
pregnant
gynec/o
woman, female
hyster/o
uterus
mast/o
breast
men/o
menstruation, men
orchid/o
testicles
ov/o
egg, ovum
ovari/o
ovary
-para
to give birth
-pexy
surgical fixation
salping/o
fallopian tube
test/i
testicle, testis
vagin/o
vagina
abruptio placentae
a disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus
amenorrhea
an abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more
amniocentesis
surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders.
andropause
marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone; the gradual hormonal change usually begins when a man is in his 40s, and can cause low energy, depression, a reduction in muscle mass, and difficulty sleeping or concentration
Apgar score
a scale of 1 to 10 to evaluate a newborn infant’s physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
azoospermia
the absence of sperm in the semen.
cervical dysplasia
the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix.
cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix
chlamydia
a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis
chorionic villus sampling
examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy
colostrum
specialized form of breast milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies that the newborn can digest; produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and during the first few days after giving birth.
colporrhaphy
surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina
colposcopy
direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix, vagina, and vulva
dysmenorrhea
pain caused by uterine contractions during a menstrual period
eclampsia
a serious condition characterized by seizures and coma that can develop during or after pregnancy from uncontrolled preeclampsia
ectopic pregnancy
a dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus
endometriosis
a condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity
epididymitis
inflammation of the epididymis
episiotomy
a surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of tissues as the infant move out of the birth canal
fibroadenoma
a round, rubbery, firm mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast
galactorrhea
the production of breast milk in women who are not breast feeding
gonorrhea
a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae
hematospermia
the presence of blood in the semen
hydrocele
a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles
hypomenorrhea
an unusually small amount of menstrual fluid during a shortened menstrual period
hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus
hysterosalpinography
an x-ray examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes
hysteroscopy
the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes
lactiation
the process of forming and secreting milk from the breasts as nourishment for the infant
leukorrhea
a whitish mucous discharge from the uterus and vagina
mastalgia
pain in the breast
mastopexy
elective surgery to affix sagging breast in a more elevated position
menarche
the beginning of menstruation
menometrorrhagia
excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals.
neonate
the newborn infant is known as a neonate during the first 4 weeks after birth
nullipara
a woman who has never borne a viable child
obstetrician
a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately thereafter
oligomenorrhea
irregular or very light menstruation in a woman with previously normal periods
oophorectomy
surgical removal of one or both ovaries
orchiectomy
surgical removal of one or both testicles
orchiopexy
the repair of cryptochidism, which is an undescended testicle
pelvic inflammatory disease
any inflammation of the female reproductive organs not associated with surgery or pregnancy
perimenopause
the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all
Peyronie’s disease
a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection
Placenta previa
abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus
Polycystic ovary syndrome
a condition characterized by an imbalance of reproductive hormones
postpartum
after childbirth
preeclampsia
a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria
priapism
a painful erection that lasts four hours or more but is not accompanied by sexual excitement
primigravida
a woman during her first pregnancy
primipara
a woman who has borne one viable child
pruritus vulvae
?
salpingo-oophorectomy
surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary.
syphilis
a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum
Trichomoniasis
a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis
Uterine prolapse
a condition in which the weakening of pelvic muscles and supportive tissues allows the uterus to slide from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sag into the vagina
vaginismus
an involuntary spasm of the pelvic flood muscles that close off the vagina
varicocele
a knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum
vasovasostomy
a procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized male
vulvodynia
a painful syndrome of unknown cause characterized by chronic burning, dyspareunia, itching, or stinging irritation of the vulva
