Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > The Muscular System > Flashcards

The Muscular System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

bi-

A

twice, double, two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

clon/o

A

violent action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult, or painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia, fibrous band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous tissue, fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

-ia

A

abnormal condition, disease, plural of -ium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

kines/o, kinesi/o

A

movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

-lysis

A

to set free, break down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

my/o

A

muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis, stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

tax/o

A

coordination, order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ton/o

A

tone, stretching, tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tri-

A

three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

abduction

A

the movement of a limb (arm or leg) away from the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

adduction

A

the movement of a limb (arm or leg) toward the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

adhesion

A

a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ataxia

A

the lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

atonic

A

lacking normal muscle tone or strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

atrophy

A

weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

bradykinesia

A

extreme slowness in movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

swelling that creates pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome

A

a disease of unknown cause that affects many body systems, with symptoms similar to those of fibromyalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

circumduction

A

the circular movement at the far end of a limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

compartment syndrome

A

involves the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the compartment, an enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles in the arm or leg; this syndrome can be caused by trauma tight bandages or casts, or repetitive activities such as running

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

dorsiflexion

A

the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

dyskinesia

A

distortion or impairment of voluntary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

dystonia

A

a movement disorder characterized by the involuntary and sometimes repetitive contraction of certain muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

electromygraphy

A

a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

31
Q

epicondylitis

A

the inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

32
Q

ergonomics

A

the study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment

33
Q

exercise physiologist

A

a specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness

34
Q

fasciitis

A

inflammation of a fascia

35
Q

fibromyalgia

A

a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms

36
Q

ganglion cyst

A

a benign, fluid-filled lump that usually occurs on the outer surface of the wrist or hand, sometimes as a result of a past injury

37
Q

heel spur

A

a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel

38
Q

hemiparesis

A

slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

39
Q

hemiplegia

A

total paralysis affecting only one side of the body

40
Q

hernia

A

occurs when tissue, such as part of an internal organ, protrudes through a weak area in the muscle normally containing it.

41
Q

hyperkinesia

A

abnormally increased muscle function or activity

42
Q

hypotonia

A

a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles

43
Q

impingement syndrome

A

inflammation of tendons that get caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint

44
Q

innervation

A

the stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve

45
Q

insertion

A

where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon; in contrast to the origin, the insertion is the more movable attachment, and it is the farthest point from the midline of the body

46
Q

intermittent claudication

A

pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest

47
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

a group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system

48
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces weakness and rapid fatigue of voluntary muscles

49
Q

myoclonus

A

the quick, involuntary jerking of a muscle or gorup of muscles

50
Q

myofascial release

A

a specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of condition such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome

51
Q

myoparesis

A

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

52
Q

myorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a muscle

53
Q

neuromuscular

A

pertaining to the relationship between a neve and muscle

54
Q

oblique

A

slanted or at an angle

55
Q

origin

A

where the muscle begins; located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton. The origin is the less movable attachement

56
Q

paralysis

A

the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply

57
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body

58
Q

physiatrist

A

a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.

59
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

inflammation of the plantar fascia causing foot or heel pain when walking or running

60
Q

polymyositis

A

muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body

61
Q

pronation

A

the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward and backward

62
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four extremities

63
Q

sarcopenia

A

the loss of muscle mass, strength, and funtion that comes with aging

64
Q

shin splint

A

pain caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia

65
Q

singultus

A

myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm

66
Q

sphincter

A

a ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

67
Q

sprain

A

injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, that usually involves a wrenched or torn ligament

68
Q

tendinopathy

A

the general term for irritation or degeneration of a tendon in any joint, for example in the rotator cuff

69
Q

tenodesis

A

surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to bone

70
Q

tenolysis

A

the release of a tendon from adhesions

71
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of the sheath arouond a tendon

72
Q

tenotomy

A

surgical cutting of a tendon to provide release or allow lengthening

73
Q

torticollis

A

a stiff neck due to spasmodic contradiction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side

74
Q

transverse

A

in a crosswise direction

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions