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Medical Terminology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

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2
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, throat

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3
Q

combining form for oxygen

A

ox/i, ox/o, ox/y

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4
Q

combining form for nose

A

nas/o

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5
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

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6
Q

phon/o

A

voice or sound

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7
Q

Combining form for pleura, side of the body

A

pleur/o

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8
Q

suffix for breathing

A

-pnea

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9
Q

combining form for lung or air

A

pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu-

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10
Q

combining form for lung

A

pulm/o, pulmon/o

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11
Q

combining form for sinus

A

sinus/o

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12
Q

combining form for sleep

A

somn/o

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13
Q

combining form for to breathe

A

spir/o

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14
Q

combining form and suffix for chest, pleural cavity

A

thorac/o, - thorax

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15
Q

combining form for trachea, wind pipe

A

trache/o, trachea

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16
Q

anoxia

A

the absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues or organism despite adequate flow of blood

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17
Q

antitussive

A

medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing

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18
Q

aphonia

A

the loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds

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19
Q

asbestosis

A

the form pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs

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20
Q

asphyxia

A

the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

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21
Q

asthma

A

Chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes

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22
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion of part or all of the lung (collapsed lung)

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23
Q

bradypnea

A

an abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually of less than 10 breaths per minute

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24
Q

bronchiectasis

A

permanent thickening of the wall of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation

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25
Q

bronchodilator

A

an inhaled medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs

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26
Q

bronchorrhea

A

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

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27
Q

bronchoscopy

A

visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

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28
Q

bronchospasm

A

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut.

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29
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

An irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respirations followed by slow respiration or apnea

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30
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

A group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breathe out

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31
Q

croup

A

an acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords, resulting in a barking cough and stridor

32
Q

cyanosis

A

A bluish discoloration to the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

33
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

A life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus

34
Q

dysphonia

A

difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice during puberty

35
Q

Dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing (shortness of breath)

36
Q

Emphysema

A

The progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking

37
Q

Empyema

A

Collection of pus in any body cavity

38
Q

Endotracheal intubation

A

passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway

39
Q

epistaxis

A

nose bleed

40
Q

hemoptysis

A

expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum

41
Q

hemothorax

A

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

42
Q

hypercapnia

A

abnormal build up of carbon dioxide in the blood

43
Q

hyperpnea

A

breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest

44
Q

hypopnea

A

shallow or slow respirations

45
Q

hypoxemia

A

low oxygen levels in the blood

46
Q

hypoxia

A

deficient oxygen levels in the body tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia

47
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

48
Q

laryngoscopy

A

visual examination of larynx and vocal cords using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope inserted through the mouth.

49
Q

laryngospasm

A

sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

50
Q

mediastimum

A

middle section of the chest cavity located between the lungs

51
Q

nebulizer

A

electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist that is inhaled via a facemask or mouthpiece

52
Q

otolarngologist

A

ENT, specialist that diagnoses and treats diseases and disorders of the head an neck

53
Q

pertussis

A

a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough

54
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

55
Q

pleural effusion

A

excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space that prevents the lung from fully expanding

56
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

57
Q

pleurodynia

A

sharp chest pain that occurs when inflamed pleural membranes rub against each other with each inhalation

58
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lung after prolonged environmental or occupational contact

59
Q

pneumonectomy

A

surgical removal of all or part of a lung

60
Q

pneumonia

A

serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids

61
Q

pneumothorax

A

accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse

62
Q

polysmnography

A

the diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep and is often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea

63
Q

pulmonary edema

A

an accumulation of fluid in lung tissues especially the alveoli

64
Q

pulmonologist

A

a physician who specialized in diagnosing and treating disease and disorders of the repiratory system

65
Q

pulse oximeter

A

an external monitor placed on the patient’s fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood

66
Q

pyothorax

A

the presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane

67
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the sinuses

68
Q

sleep apnea

A

a potentially serous disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleeps for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels

69
Q

spirometer

A

a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath

70
Q

tachypnea

A

an abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute

71
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

72
Q

thoracotomy

A

surgical incision into the chest wall to open the pleura cavity for biopsy or treatment

73
Q

tracheostomy

A

the surgical creation of a stoma into the traches below the vocal cords to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing

74
Q

tracheotomy

A

an emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage

75
Q

tuberculosis

A

an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, usually attacks the lungs; it can also affect other parts of the body

76
Q

acute nasopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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