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British Experience of Warfare > the situation going into crimea > Flashcards

the situation going into crimea Flashcards

1
Q

what treaty signed in 1815 created international peace?

A

Treaty of Vienna

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2
Q

who was the PM of the UK during the Crimean War?

A

Lord Aberdeen

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3
Q

what was Lord Aberdeen afraid the Russians would do?

A

he was worried that the Russians would seize Constantinople and sail through the Straits and threaten British supremacy in the Med

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4
Q

who was the leader of France during the Crimean War?

A

Napoleon III

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5
Q

who was the leader of Russia during the Crimean War?

A

Nicholas I

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6
Q

where did Nicholas I send Russian troops to in July 1853?

A

Walachia and Moldavia

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7
Q

what split was there in Aberdeen’s cabinet?

A

Aberdeen = pacific and anti-Ottoman

Lord Palmerston = belicose and anti-Russian

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8
Q

what were the feelings of most Britons?

A

they were mostly anti-Russian and wanted a firm response to Russian expansion

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9
Q

when did the Ottomans declare war on Russia?

A

October 1853

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10
Q

when was the Battle of Sinope?

A

30 November 1853

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11
Q

what was the outcome of the Battle of Sinope?

A

the Russian Black Fleet demolished the Turkish fleet

3,000 Turkish lost

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11
Q

when did the British and French fleet sail to the Black Sea?

A

January 1854

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12
Q

when did the British and French send an ultimatum to Russia?

A

27 February 1854

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13
Q

what did the ultimatum want?

A

that the Russians leave Moldavia and Wallachia

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14
Q

what did the Russians do with the ultimatum?

A

they ignored it

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15
Q

when did Britain declare war in Russia?

A

28 March 1854

16
Q

when did Russia leave Wallachia and Moldavia?

A

July 1854

17
Q

what were the Four Points proposed by the Austrians?

A
  • Russia would lose special rights to Serbia, Moldavia and Wallachia
  • navigation of the Danube would be open to all
  • 1841 Straits convention would be revised
  • Christians in the Ottoman Empire to be under European protection
18
Q

when did Russia reject the Four Points?

A

September 1854

19
Q

who was Lord Raglan?

A

head of the British expeditionary force

20
Q

how many British troops sailed to the Crimea?

A

26,000

21
Q

what was Wellington’s role before his death?

A

he was commander in chief

22
Q

when did Wellington die?

A

September 1853

23
Q

what was the cut in military spending by the 1840s?

A

£43 million in 1815
£9.5 million in 1840s

24
Q

what was a problem in the divisional command?

A

the age of all the commanders

only one of the commanders was under 60

25
Q

what was a problem amongst the officers?

A

a lot of officers were given a role in command so you had a very upper class order of command

26
Q

since the French wars had the tactics used by the BA changed?

A

nope
BA still used:
infantry musket fire
artillery support
cavalry charges

27
Q

had the uniform and equipment used by the BA changed since Waterloo?

A

not really
still wore red uniforms
same weaponry used

28
Q

what advantage in weaponry did the French and British have over the Russian?

A

the Minie rifle

muzzle loading rifle which was more powerful than the BA standard Brown Bess

29
Q

how many times more accurate was the Minie rifle than the Russian smoothbore rifle?

A

three times more

30
Q

what experience had the BA gained after Waterloo?

A

a large QUANTITY in experience as the BA fought many colonial wars (India, Afghanistan)
BUT
little QUALITY in enemy forces which led to a feeling of overconfidence

31
Q

what was to be the RN’s role in Crimea?

A

to blockade the Russian fleet
transport troops
transport supplies

32
Q

what organised supplies, food and transport for the BA in Crimea?

A

the Commissariat

33
Q

what were the issues with the Commissariat?

A

it was run by civilian contractors and so was inefficient and not fully in army control

British Experience of Warfare (27 decks)

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