Royal Navy encounters (1793-1805) Flashcards
who seized Toulon in 1793?
Admiral Hood
who was the head of the RN Med fleet in 1793?
Samuel Hood
what was the Siege of Toulon?
Anglo-Spanish hold of the French town Toulon
what was the outcome of the Seize of Toulon?
Napoleon kicked the allied forces out of Toulon and frees the city at the expense of his French fleet
when was the Glorious First of June?
1st June 1794
what did the French convoy carry on the Glorious First of June?
grain from America
why were French vessels carrying grain?
there was a famine happening in mainland France
who was the British commander of the fleet which was used on the Glorious First of June?
Richard Howe
what unconventional tactic did Howe use to destroy the French escort on the Glorious First of June?
he ordered ships to attack close to the French vessels to inflict major damage to the French fleet
why was the Glorious First of June a strategic victory for the French?
the French managed to get most of their grain convoy to France
why was the Glorious First of June a victory for the British?
the British removed French naval control over the Atlantic allowing the British to maintain a blockade for the rest of the war
how many French grain ships were sunk?
7
how many French captured on the Glorious First of June?
7,000
who took command of the Med fleet in 1795?
Sir John Jervis
what did Jervis change in the Navy?
enforced discipline and order in the RN
introduced standing orders to prevent mutinies
when did Holland and Spain join the French?
1796
what war did the British participate in in 1796?
Anglo-Spanish war
why did the Spanish join the French in 1796?
they were invaded by French forces
how many ships of the line were used by the British in the Anglo-Spanish war?
15 ships of the line
how many ships of the line were used by the Spanish in the Anglo-Spanish war?
27
why were the British forced to retreat in 1797?
they were heavily outnumbered
when was the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
February 1797
who was in charge of the British fleet in the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
Sir Jervis
how large was the Spanish-French navy in the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
38
what was the outcome of the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
British victory despite being outnumbered
what was Nelson’s ship name in the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
HMS Captain
what were Nelson’s contribution to British victory in the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
he broke from Jervis’s formation and attacked the Spanish fleet thus going against Jervis’ orders
which Spanish ships did Nelson take in the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
San Nicolas
San Josef
what did Nelson shout when taking the Spanish ships in the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
Westminster Abbey or glorious victory!
how did Jervis deal with Nelson after the Battle of Cape St Vincent?
he did not reprimand him for breaking his orders
he liked Nelson as a commander
Nelson was instead promoted to rear-admiral
in what ways did Nelson act as a commander?
he believed in gunnery
boldness
trained his men to fire faster
use of the marines to board enemy ships
when was the Battle of Camperdown?
October 1797
who did the British fight in the Battle of Camperdown?
the Dutch
how many ships of the line did the British have in the Battle of Camperdown?
16
how many ships of the line did the Dutch have in the Battle of Camperdown?
15
why did the Dutch join the French Republic?
the Dutch Republic was taken over by the French and became the Batavian Republic
why was the British Channel fleet paralysed?
the Spithead and Nore mutinies in 1797?
what was the Spithead mutiny?
16 ships in Portsmouth protested against the working conditions aboard RN vessels
what did the ships in Portsmouth demand?
a pay rise
sickness compensation
more land leave
what was the result of the Spithead mutiny?
nothing came of it
minor arguments broke out
all mutineers were given a royal pardon
