The Senses Flashcards by Alice Caporn

Q

What do the eyelashes do

A

Prevent foreign material getting in the eye

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Q

What are the four major special sense

A

Taste
Smell
Sight
Hearing

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Q

What do the eye lids do

A

Blinking keeps the eye lubricated and removes dust

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Q

The conjunctiva is made of

A

Epithelial layer

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Q

Which gland continually produces tears

A

Lacrimal

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Q

The eyeball is made up of three layers:

A

Fibrous
Vascular
Neural

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Q

Which layer of the eye contains the sclera and cornea

A

Fibrous tunic

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Q

What is the white of the eye

A

Sclera

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Q

What is the transparent layer than covers the iris and pupil

A

Cornea

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Q

Which muscles enable you to move your eye

A

Extraoccular

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Q

Which layer of the eye contains blood vessels and smooth muscle

A

Vascular tunic

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Q

What consists of the iris, ciliary body and choroid

A

Vascular tunic

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Q

Which layer of the eye contains photoreceptors

A

Neural tunic

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Q

What are the photoreceptors in the eye called

A

Rods and cones

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Q

What are more numerous rods or cones

A

Rods

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Q

What provides colour vision

A

Cones

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Q

Which photoreceptors require more light

A

Cones

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Q

Which nerve leaves the back of the eye

A

Optic nerve

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Q

What can you use to view the retina

A

Ophthalmoscope

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Q

What is the optic disc

A

Site where the optic nerve leaves the eye. No photoreceptors are present therefore also called the blind spot

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Q

The posterior cavity of the eye is filled with

A

Vitreous humour

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Q

What maintains the pressure within the eye

A

Vitreous humour

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Q

What does the anterior cavity contain

A

Aqueous humour

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Q

How often is the aqueous humour replaced

A

Every 90mins

What allows light into the eye

Iris

What focuses the light on the retina

Cornea, lens and humours

When light strikes the retina what happens

Action potentials are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve

Where do the two optic nerves connect

Optic chiasma

What is the fleshy outside section of the ear called

Auricle

What happens at the auricle

Sound waves are collected

The external acoustic (auditory) meatus is lined with

Hairs and ceruminous glands

What do ceruminous glands produce

Ear wax

What is the Tympanic membrane

Eardrum

When sound waves reach the tympanic membrane what do the cause

Vibrations

The middle ear is separated from the external ear by the

Tympanic membrane

The middle ear is separated from the inner ear by the

Oval and round windows

Where would you find the malleus, incus and stapes

Middle ear

The 3 auditory ossicles in the inner ear transmit vibrations from ... to ....

Tympanic membrane to the oval window

The tympanic membrane is X times larger than the oval window

20 times

Which part of the ear is he nasopharynx connected to

Middle ear

Which part of the inner ear is connected with hearing

Cochlear

The cochlear is connected with

Hearing

What parts of the inner ear are concerned with balance

Vestibule and semicircular canals

Which nerve transmits information about balance and hearing to the brain

Vestibulococchlear

Where would you find the primary auditory cortex

Temporal lobe

What cells make up the nasal cavity

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lined with goblet cells

Where would you find the primary olfactory cortex

Temporal lobe

What is anosmia

Inability to smell

Odorants enter the nasal cavity and dissolve in the

Mucous

Where are taste buds located

Tongue Soft palate Pharynx Epiglottis

How many taste cells do taste buds contain

40

What are the 5 basic tastes

``` Sweet Sour Salty Bitter Umami ```

Where would you find papillae

Tongue

What are the 3 sensory axons for taste

Facial Glossopharyngeal Vagus

Where would you find the taste cortex

Partial lobe

What is ageusia

Loss of taste

What is hypogeusia

Partial loss of taste

What is dysgeusia

Distortion of taste