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History/ Civics > The Second World War > Flashcards

The Second World War Flashcards

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1
Q

Causes

A
  1. dissatisfaction with treaty of versailles
  2. rise of fascism and nazism
  3. policy of appeasement
  4. japanese invasion of china
  5. failure of league of nations
  6. hitler’s invasion of poland
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2
Q

when was ten year alliance formed with italy and germany

A

1939

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3
Q

effects of Mussolini

A
  1. opposed treaty
  2. attacked Abyssinia
  3. LON failed to take action
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4
Q

effects of Hitler

A
  1. wanted to re-establish prestige of germany in international field
  2. declared re-armament
  3. in 1938, annexed Austria and dismembered erstwhile Czechoslovakia
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5
Q

define appeasement

A

policy of conciliating an aggressive power at the expense of some other country. means accepting the hostile demands of an aggressive nation to gain peace

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6
Q

policy of appeasement

A
  1. Britain and france followed this policy towards germany and italy because they felt that the dictators had a real cause of grievance due to humiliating treaty, and if their grievances were removed then they would not disturb world peace
  2. wanted to check the rising tie of communism and russian Bolshevism
  3. britain allowed germany to re-arm and re-militarise the Rhineland and capture Austria and Czechoslovakia
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7
Q

japanese invasion of china

A
  1. japan intervened in manchuria, occupied it, and set up a government there
  2. started undeclared war against china
  3. china appealed to LON to declare sanctions against japan, but britain and france did not pay attention
  4. formed Berline-rome-tokyo axis
  5. japan occupied british territories, which were following policy of appeasement
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8
Q

immediate cause of WW2

A

hitler’s invasion of poland

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9
Q

causes of hitler invading poland

A
  1. by the treaty, germany was divided into two in order to give a land route to poland upto the sea and the port of Danzing was also given to poland

2.city of Danzing was inhabited mainly by the germans and occupying Danzing corridor, germany could connect with East prussia

  1. germany signed a non-aggression pact with russia in August 1939, Poland was accused of committing atrocities against germans living there
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10
Q

when did german armies march to poland

A

September 1, 1939

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11
Q

why did germany attack france

A

britain and france gave an ultimatum to germany

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12
Q

why did britain and france declare war on germany

A

september 3, 1939

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13
Q

countries that remained neutral during WW2

A

sweden
switzerland
spain
portugal
turkey

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14
Q

axis powers of WW2

A

japan, italy, germany

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15
Q

allied powers of WW2

A

britain, france, USA, soviet union

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16
Q

when was aerial attack on pearl attack ordered

A

december 7, 1941, ordered by general Tojo

17
Q

attack on pearl harbour

A
  1. US pacific fleet based at pearl harbour in Hawaii
  2. battleships and airfields were destroyed
  3. 3700 people were killed
18
Q

mistakes made by the japanese at pearl harbour

A
  1. did not destroy ship repair facilities at the base
  2. didn’t seek out and destroy US carriers (Lexington and Enterprise)
19
Q

when did USA join the war halting the japanese advance

A

december 8, 1941

20
Q

special air force formed by Japanese in the Philippines

A

kamikaze (suicide air corps)

21
Q

bombing of hiroshima and nagasaki

A
  1. americans started their offensive on japan, but the latter was well established in places
  2. young japanese pilots steered an explosive-laden plane into the side or deck of an american ship
  3. civilians had been trained to use weapons
22
Q

where was first atomic bomb detonated

A

in the desert near Alamogordo, New Mexico

23
Q

when was bomb dropped in hiroshima

A

august 6, 1945

24
Q

when was bomb dropped in nagasaki

A

august 9, 1945

25
Q

when did japan surrender, ending WW2

A

September 2, 1945

26
Q

consequences of WW2

A
  1. defeat of axis powers
  2. formation of UN
  3. cold war
27
Q

when was Postdam conference and what happened there

A

July 26, 1945
Allied powers asked Japan to surrender, but Japan refused . consequently, america dropped bombs

28
Q

what consequences did axis powers have to face after the war

A
  1. germany was divided into zones, each zone under the army of each of the allied powers
  2. Federal Republic of Germany was administered by UK, US, France, with Bonn as the capital. Became a part of the Capitalist Bloc
  3. German Democratic Republic known as East Germany was administered by soviet union with east berlin as capital. became a part of communist bloc
  4. american army was to occupy japan until 1952, after which japan would resume sole control over their own affairs
29
Q

constitutional monarch of japan

A

Emperor Hirohito
Japanese parliament retained some of its law making powers, all lands seized by japan was taken away

30
Q

who met to form UN

A
  1. Roosevelt (president of USA)
  2. Churchill (PM of Britain)
  3. Stalin (Premier of USSR)
31
Q

when did the big 3 meet to form UN

A

February 1945 in San Francisco

32
Q

when was UN established

A

October 24, 1945

33
Q

define cold war

A

an atmosphere where there is no armed struggle, but the rivals continue to maintain their peace time diplomatic relations along with their hostility
it occured between USA and soviet union

34
Q

events of cold war

A
  1. arms race, piling up of nuclear and conventional weapons
  2. formation of military alliances
  3. economic warfare
  4. trade embargoes
    5 propaganda and proxy wars
35
Q

two blocs formed due to cold war

A
  1. democratic and capitalist bloc
  2. the communist bloc
36
Q

democratic capitalist bloc

A
  1. led by USA
  2. believed in liberal democracy based on capitalism
  3. comprised britain, france, belgium, italy, canada, australia, netherlands, greece, pakistan, turkey etc
  4. considered the political and social system of USSR as objectionable and dangerous as it had no place for parliamentary democracy and individdual liberty
37
Q

communist bloc

A
  1. believed in communism based on Marxist theory
  2. considered western style democracy as a farce, meant only for the rich and upper middle class
  3. in 1948, government which owed allegiance to moscow were established in poland, hungary, romania, bulgaria, and czechoslovakia
  4. yugoslavia and albania were also communist, even though we were not directly linked to russia as satellites

History/ Civics (20 decks)

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