Non-Aligned Movement

Question 1

meaning of NAM

Answer 1

international policy of a sovereign state according to which it does not align itself with any of the power blocs and at the same time actively participates in the world affairs to promote international peace, harmony, cooperation

Question 2

5 principles of Panchsheel between china and india

Answer 2

1. mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs
2. mutual non-aggression
3. equality for mutual benefit
4. mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty
5. peaceful co-existing

Question 3

countries that attended Bandung conference

Answer 3

29 countries including Philippines, Turkey, south Vietnam, Communist China, North Vietnam

Question 4

presidents of Bandung conference

Answer 4

Jawaharlal Nehru
Chinese PM Chou En Lai
PM of Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser

Question 5

what happened at Bandung conference

Answer 5

delegates condemned colonialism, emphasized need for economic growth in third world countries

Question 6

when and where was NAM formally launched

Answer 6

at its first summit held in September 1961, at Belgrade in Yugoslavia
attended by 25 afro-asian countries and 1 european country
3 latin american countries were observers

Question 7

founding fathers of NAM

Answer 7

PM Nehru
President Joseph Broze Tito of Yugoslavia
President Nasser of Egypt

Question 8

objectives of NAM

Answer 8

1. eliminate all causes which could lead to war
2. protect nascent freedom of newly independent countries of Asia and Africa from colonial domination
3. oppose colonialism, imperialism, and racial discrimination
4. advocate sovereign equality of all states
5. encourage friendly relations among countries
6. advocate peaceful settlements of international disputes
7. oppose use of force and use of nuclear weapons
8. build a New International Economic Order based of equity, equality, justice
9. protect human rights and protect the environment

Question 9

role of Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer 9

1. India was the first country to initiate non-alignment
2. he realised that the danger to sovereignty and integrity of India and other newly independent nations lay in their joining of the two power blocs
3. advocated mutual respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations
4. he was the greatest spokesman for neutrality of Asian and African states in the Cold War era
5. opposed alliances as he believed they encouraged colonialism and imperialism and produce a race for armaments
6. described communist state as “monolithic” and considered Marxism as outdated
7. did not favour capitalism
8. strongly advocated principles of democratic socialism
9. called for disarmament and abolition of stockpiles of nuclear weapons

Question 10

who led Bandung conference

Answer 10

PM Nehru of India
President Joseph Broze Tito of Yugoslavia
President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt
Chou En Lai of China
Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam
Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana