The Respitory System

Question 1

Function of nose

Answer 1

Warms incoming air

Question 2

Function of nasal hairs

Answer 2

Filter incoming air

Question 3

Function of mucus

Answer 3

Traps dust and bacteria

Question 4

Function of cilia (tiny hairs)

Answer 4

Push mucous up towards mouth for swallowing

Question 5

Function of larynx

Answer 5

Produces sound

Question 6

Function of rings of cartilage

Answer 6

Keeps airways open and prevents them from collapsing

Question 7

Function of epiglottis

Answer 7

Stops food entering the trachea

Question 8

Function of ribs

Answer 8

Protect lungs and heart

Question 9

Function of intercostal muscles

Answer 9

Found between the ribs. They contract during inhalation

Question 10

Function of diaphragm

Answer 10

Sheet of muscle that separates the lungs and intestines.

It is involved in breathing

Question 11

Function of pleural membranes (Pleura)

Answer 11

Are moist and so lubricate and protect the lungs when they move against the rib cage (reduces friction)

Question 12

Function of Bronchus

Answer 12

One of two branches of the trachea

Question 13

Function of Bronchioles

Answer 13

Branches of the bronchi

Question 14

Function of Alveolus

Answer 14

Cul-de-sac at the end of the bronchioles. They are covered in a network of capillaries. Gas exchange takes place here.

Question 15

Function of epiglottis

Answer 15

Flap of cartilage that flips over during swallowing to stop food/drink going down the trachea (prevents choking)

Question 16

Adaptions of alveoli and capillaries for gas exchange

Answer 16

1) Large number of alveoli
2) Thin walls
3) Moist surface
4) Dense blood capillary network

Question 17

Function of: A Large number of alveoli

Answer 17

Provide a large surface area for gas exchange

Question 18

Function of: thin walls

Answer 18

Allow gases to diffuse in and out of the lungs easily

Question 19

Function of: a moist surface

Answer 19

Faster diffusion of gases occurs

Question 20

Function of: a dense blood capillary network

Answer 20

Allows gases to diffuse in and out of the blood easily

Question 21

What detects the level of carbon dioxide in the blood

Answer 21

Medulla oblongata

Question 22

How does the medulla oblongata detect the level of carbon dioxide?

Answer 22

It initiates breathing by sending a nervous impulse to the diaphragm and intercoastal muscles causing them to contract when the level of carbon dioxide in the blood gets too high (when the pH of the blood gets too low)