Plant Sexual Reproduction

Question 1

What is Asexual Reproduction

Answer 1

• Does not involve gametes (sex cells)

- Produces genetically identical offspring

Question 2

What is sexual reproduction (in plants)

Answer 2

• involves the fusion of two gametes (sex cells)

- produces genetically different offspring

Question 3

What is the reproductive organ in a plant

Answer 3

Flower

Question 4

Function of the sepal

Answer 4

Protects the flower before it opens (when it is a bud)

Question 5

Function of petals

Answer 5

Attracts insects

Question 6

Function of the stamen (male)

Answer 6

Consists of a filament and anther

Question 7

Function of the anther

Answer 7

Produces pollen (grains)

Question 8

Function of the filament

Answer 8

Holds the anther in place

Question 9

Function of the carpel (female)

Answer 9

Consists of a stigma, style, ovary and ovule

Question 10

Function of the stigma

Answer 10

Where pollen attaches (from the insect or wind)

Question 11

Function of the style

Answer 11

Joins the stigma and the ovary

Question 12

Function of the ovary in plants

Answer 12

The Ovary contains the ovule(S)

Question 13

Function of the ovule

Answer 13

Contains the female gamete (egg)

Question 14

Function of the nectary

Answer 14

Produces nectar (a sweet sugar substance) that is food for insects (makes honey)

Question 15

Where is the embryo sac

Answer 15

In the ovule

Question 16

Adaptions in insect pollinated flowers to attract insects

Answer 16

Coloured petals
Fragrant
Produce nectar

Question 17

Why is pollen sticky in insect pollinated flowers

Answer 17

It sticks to insect

Question 18

Why are stigmas sticky in insect pollinated flowers

Answer 18

So pollen sticks to it (from insect)

Stigma is inside the flower

Question 19

Why is there a small amount of pollen produced in insect pollinated flowers

Answer 19

Because there is a high chance of pollen reaching another plant

Question 20

Adaptions in wind pollinated flowers

Answer 20

Brown in colour
No fragrance
Don’t need to produce nectar

Question 21

Why is pollen smooth and light in wind pollinated flowers

Answer 21

So it can be easily carried in the wind

Question 22

Why is the stigma large and feathery in wind pollinated flowers

Answer 22

To catch the pollen

Stigmas outside the flower

Question 23

Why is there a massive amount of pollen produced in wind pollinated powers

Answer 23

To compensate for the large amount lost (a lot of pollen will not reach another flower)

Question 24

What produces male gametes

Answer 24

The pollen grain

Question 25

What carries the male gametes to the carpal of a flower

Answer 25

Pollen

Question 26

What produces the female gamete (egg) +2 polar nuclei

Answer 26

The ovule (embryo sac)

Question 27

Definition of pollination

Answer 27

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a flower of the same species

Question 28

Two methods of pollination

Answer 28

Insect pollination | Wind pollinated flower

Question 29

What is self pollination

Answer 29

Self pollination occurs when the anther and stigma are on the same plant

Question 30

What is cross pollination

Answer 30

Cross pollination is when the anther and stigma are on different plants of the same species

Question 31

What is an advantage of cross pollination

Answer 31

Cross pollination is better for the plant because it increases genetic variation

Question 32

Definition of fertilisation

Answer 32

Fertilisation is the union of male and female give me to form a fertilised egg (called a zygote)

Question 33

After fertilisation what does the ovary form

Answer 33

The ovary forms the fruit

Question 34

After fertilisation what does the ovule become

Answer 34

The ovule becomes the seed

Question 35

After fertilisation what does the zygote become

Answer 35

The zygote (2N) becomes the plant embryo getting nutrients from the endosperm (food store)

Question 36

What is a cotyledon

Answer 36

A cotyledon is a “Seed leaf” which stores food in the seed

Question 37

How can seeds be classified

Answer 37

Seeds can be classified by the number of cotyledons Seeds can also be classified by the presence or absence of an endosperm

Question 38

How many cotyledons does a monocotyledon have

Answer 38

They have one seed leaf

Question 39

How many seed leaves does a dicotyledon have

Answer 39

They have two seed leaves

Question 40

Examples of an endospermic seed

Answer 40

E.g. maize, wheat

Question 41

Examples of a non-endospermic seed

Answer 41

E.g. broad bean

Question 42

Two main parts of the embryo

Answer 42

Plumule (future shoot) | Radicle (future root)

Question 43

What is the seed code for protection

Answer 43

The testa