The Reproductive System Pt.2 - Female Reproductive Flashcards
What’s common about the position of the urinary bladder for the female and male?
Just like in the male, the pubic symphysis is anterior to the urinary bladder
In the male reproductive system, the semen goes through the ejaculatory duct while the urine goes through the bladder to both leave the urethra. Is this the same case for the female reproductive system?
In a sense, yes, because the urethra goes from the urinary bladder into the external urethral orifice and the vagina leads into the external urethral orifice too but unlike the males they don’t connect at any point
Where is the uterus located with respect to the urinary bladder?
Superior the the urinary bladder; fetus development occurs here
Where is the ovary located and what is it used for?
It is found lateral to the uterus (both sides) and this is where the ovum (female gonads) are made
What is the fallopian tube and how is it connected to the uterus?
A tube that connects the uterus to the Ovary and leads to the ovum into the uterus to become implanted in its thick muscular walls
What is the cervix of the uterus and where is it located?
It is the section that opens into the vagina and is the most posterior section of the uterus
Where is the vagina located with respect to the anus and where does it end up at if you follow the pathway?
Located anterior to the anus (separate opening from vagina), inferior to the cervix of the uterus and it ends at the external urethral orifice (just like the urinary bladder)
Note: Like in males w/sperm & ejaculate sharing an exit point but different openings into the exit point (external urethral orifice)
What does homolgue mean?
Came developmentally from the same structure & then differentiated into a male or female structure
What parts make up the uterus?
Fundus, Body, Vagina, Cervix of Uterus
Where is the fundus located?
a dome-shaped portion superior to the uterine
tubes
What is the vagina made of?
Fibromuscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body
What is the body of uterus made of and what is it important for?
Inferior to the fundus of uterus, it is a thick walled organ lined with smooth muscle and helps with contracting to push a baby out
How is the Ovary connected to either side of the uterus, and what does it produce?
The Ovary is connected to the uterus via the broad ligament, it is homologous to the males testes & it produces estrogen and progesterone
When the ovum is initially released via the ovary how does it travel to the uterus?
From the Ovary, it travels through the fimbriae of uterine tube (finger like projections), then through the infundibulum, the fallopian tube & finally into the uterus
Where is the infundibulum located?
Funnel-shape portion more superior-lateral to the fimbriae but is more lateral and superior to the uterine (fallopian) tube
Note: Uterine (fallopian) tube extends medially and eventually inferiorly
How long can the ovum spend in the uterine tube?
It can spend several days fertilizing in the uterine tube where it can then travel to the uterus to implant itself into the walls
What is the suspensory ligament?
Connects ovary to the side wall of the pelvis
What is the broad ligament?
It is a huge of parietal peritoneum loops over uterus, uterine bladder, and uterine tubes & attaches to posterior abdominal wall
Which structures make up the vestibule
Vaginal orifice, external urethral orifice, clitoris, hymen, & Labia Minora
Note: Vestibule is where you find all the external structures
What is the Labia Minora and where is it located?
Either side of the vestibule and it forms the walls of the vestibule
What is homologous to the Labia Minora
Skin of penis
What is homologous to the Labia majora, what is it and where is it located?
Homologous to the male scrotum, it is lateral to the labia minora and it is external folds of skin
Note: Labia majora is thicker, has more skin and has more connective tissue for protection
What is the mons pubis and where is it located?
It is a fatty tissue area that helps with protection & is anterior to the vestibule
What is the clitoris made of and where is it located?
Made of erectile tissue and is internal to the vestibule and is homologous to the penis
Note: Contains a lot of blood vessels to allow for stimulation similar to the penis
Where is the External Urethral orifice is located?
Located posterior to the clitoris, anterior to the vaginal orifice.
Note: External urethral orifice is where urine exits the body
Where is the vaginal orifice located?
Posterior to the external urethral orifice and is opening to the vagina
What is the hymen and what happens to it during the first sexual experience
The hymen is a thin membrane covering the opening of the vagina when born; broken usually in the first sexual experience
What is the perineum?
Diamond shaped area containing openings to the urinary, reproductive and digestive systems. Makes up floor of the pelvis
Note: It contains internal and external vestibule structures
The pubic symphysis is located where with respect to the perineum?
Anterior border of the perineum
How is the ischial tuberosity involved with the perineum?
Forms the lateral border of the perineum
Note: The ischia connect to form another imaginary line dividing the perineum into an anterior and posterior portion
What makes up the posterior portion of the perineum?
The coccyx
What is the urogenital triangle also called and what does it contain?
Anterior triangle containing the external vestibule structures like (clitoris, labia minora, vaginal orifice, external urethral orifice)
What is the posterior triangle also called and what does it contain?
Also known as Anal triangle and contains the anus and external anal sphincter
What muscle makes up the majority of the anal triangle?
Levator ani muscle (makes up pelvic floor too)
Which external structures make up the urogenital triangle? Where are they located and name what they are homolgous to
- Bulb of vestibule - erectile tissue homologous to corpus spongiousum & bulb of penis and it is deep to labia majora & lateral to vestibule
- Greater vestibular gland - posterior and superior to the bulb and is homologous to bulbourethal gland formales which secretes fluids to cleanse the vagina
Where is the female breast located along with the base of the breast?
On either side of the sternum, lateral to it and the base of the breast is from ribs 2-6 and one to several inches out
Note: Runs medially from sternum to mid-axillary line under the armpit
What is breast tissue composed mainly of?
Adipose tissue and lactiferous glandular tissue (deep to the nipple)
Note: Hormone stimulates it during pregnancy to produce milk but after baby is born and it starts to suckle on the nipple it induces further hormonal production (different hormones) which makes the milk go out the ducts & out the nipples
What is the Areola and where is it located?
Dark pigmentous area that contains oil and sweat glands that keep area lubricated & protects breast tissue and nipple
- Located all around the nipple surrounding it
