Cardiovascular System Pt.4 - Major Arteries Flashcards
When blood leaves the heart, what arteries does it leave through?
Brachiocephalic trunk, Left common carotid artery & Left subclavian artery
Note: When the blood leaves the aorta the first branch of the aorta is the coronary arteries
Note: Descending aorta is referred to as thoracic descending aorta because the aorta runs to the abdomen too (must distinguish)
What does the brachiochephallic trunk split into?
Right subclavian & Right common carotid
- R.S. supplies blood towards the right upper limb
- R.C.C. supplies blood towards the right side of the neck
Where does the left common carotid artery go?
Towards the left side of the neck
Where does blood from the left subclavian go?
Towards the left upper limb
Which arteries do blood go through from the aorta to get to the upper torso and limbs (Head region)?
Up the brachiocephallic which splits into right and left common carotid
Once blood reaches the right and left common carotid what does it split into and where?
Before you reach the jaw common carotid splits into right internal and external carotid artery
Where does the right internal carotid artery enter?
Enter opening at base of the skull and into cranial cravity to supply brain with arterial blood
Where does the right external carotid artery go?
Stays external to the skull; breaks into Right maxillary and right superficial temporal artery
Which part of the body does the maxillary supply? What part does the superficial temporal supply?
Both come off of the right external carotid artery
- Right Maxillary supplies blood to front part of face and temporal-mandibular joint
- Right Temporal supplies much of the skull
What is the left and right vertebral arteries?
Branches off of the aorta and heads up towards the brain; runs through transverse foramina of cervical spine & into the foramen magnum
If we were to follow the path of blood from the right subclavian down to the fingers what arteries would we pass through?
- Right subclavian (runs deep to the clavicle and superficial to rib 1)
- Right axillary - name change from r. subclavian and continues till the insertion of the teres major muscle
- Right Brachial - At the bicipital groove
- Deep brachial artery - branches off the right brachial and runs posterior around the arm
- Right brachial continues down and passes elbow to split into right radial & right ulnar artery
- Right radial artery - superficial at wrist that supplies blood to posterior forearm muscle
- Right ulnar artery - Medially and passes deep to flexor carpi ulnaris muscle to supply blood to anterior forearm muscles
- Right ulnar & radial arteries splits into superficial and deep branches
- Deep and superficial branches join together to create superificial and deep palmar arch which supply blood to the hands, palms and fingers
Superficial palmar arch supplies blood to muscle, bones, joint and skin of palm and fingers & Deep Palmar arch supplies blood to muscle, bones and joint of palm and fingers
Which artery (radial or ulnar) supply blood to the superficial & deep palmar arch?
Superficial and deep branches get blood from the radial and ulnar artery but deep gets more from radial and superficial gets more from ulnar artery
What is unique about the thorax and abdomen arteries?
Contains visceral and parietal branches
Visceral arteries of thorax come off of descending aorta to supply organs
Parietal arteries runs right in the wall of the musculature to supply blood there
What can the parietal branches split into?
Intercostal arteries; run between the ribs
What path does blood take when moving down the descending aorta towards to the femoral artery?
- Descending thoracic aorta brings blood through the diaphragm and once crossed it is called abdominal aorta
- Abdominal aorta runs down to the level of L4
- Abdominal aorta splits at L4 into common left and right illiac arteries
Where are the parietal branches of the abdomen?
Parietal branches of abdomen are out in the back wall but superficial and provide blood to the muscles outside the abdomen
Where does the celiac trunk come off of? What does it supply blood to?
Comes off of the diaphragm; supplies blood to a lot of places in the stomach and liver
Still apart of the abdominal artery
Where is the superior mesenteric with respect to the other visceral abdominal branches? What does it supply blood to?
Inferior to the celiac but superior to the inferior mesenteric; Supplies blood to pancreas, small intestines and large intestines
What is the path of blood from the external iliac to the plantar surface of the foot?
- External illiac artery crosses under inguinal ligament & turns into femoral artery
- Femoral artery - runs medially to thigh; branches into deep artery of thigh
- **Right deep artery **of the thigh runs posteriorly high up on the thigh to supply blood to posterior part of thigh
- Femoral artery passes through opening in adductor magnus muscle and runs posterior and changes name to popliteal artery
- Popliteal artery - supplies blood to the knee
- Popliteal artery branches off into anterior tibial & posterior tibial artery
- Anterior tibial artery - goes to the anterior side and passes through opening of interosseus membrane of tibia and fibula & runs down to give dorsal pedis - supplies blood to dorsal part of foot
- Fibular artery - branches off of posterior tibial artery to supply lateral leg
- Posterior tibial artery - runs deep to soleus and splits into lateral and medial plantar arteries (after passing ankle) and supplies blood to plantar surface of foot
